Thinking about Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect (EPR)
Open accessAbstract
This invited editorial article aims at reporting progress about the enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR for short), starting from a recent Special Issue in the Journal of Personalized Medicine (namely, “EPR Effect-Based Tumor Targeted Nanomedicine”) and focusing specifically on one of these contributing articles, a review from Jun Wu entitled “The Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) Effect: The Significance of the Concept and Methods to Enhance Its Application”, which has recently acquired the rank of a highly cited paper [...]
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Clinical application of EPR-enhancing agents, in combination with nanomedicine, requires preclinical studies in appropriate models, the combination must be designed for a certain type of cancer, and side effects of EPR enhancing agents must be considered.
“The main conclusion from this, and other EPR studies, is that the clinical application of EPR-enhancing agents, in combination with nanomedicine, requires preclinical studies conducted in appropriate models, the combination of nanomedicine with the EPR-enhancing strategy must be designed for a certain type of cancer, and side effects of EPR enhancing agents must be taken into consideration [154].”
From Approaches to Improve EPR-Based Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis (2023) · cites this paper as [154]
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References 14 · Cited by 58
- Authors
- Leporatti, S.
- Affiliations
- Istituto di Nanotecnologia (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Leporatti, Stefano
- ORCID
- Leporatti, Stefano
- Venue
- Journal of Personalized Medicine
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-07-30
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1259
- ISSN
- 2075-4426 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9409951
- OpenAlex
- W4289175475
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 3
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Personalized Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
- Keywords
- enhanced permeability and retention effect, tumor microenvironment, nanoparticle drug delivery, tumor vasculature
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