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Cited by 3Semantic Web and OntologiesLogic, Reasoning, and KnowledgeAdvanced Database Systems and Queries

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Time Travel with the BiTemporal RDF Model

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Tansel, Abdullah Uz, Wu, Di, Wang, Hsien-Tseng·2025·Mathematics
DOI 10.3390/math13132109
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Abstract

The Internet is not just used for communication, transactions, and cloud storage; it also serves as a massive knowledge store where both people and machines can create, analyze, and use data and information. The Semantic Web was designed to enable machines to interpret the meaning of data, facilitating more informed and autonomous decision-making. The foundation of the Semantic Web is the Resource Description Framework (RDF). The standard RDF is limited to representing simple binary relationships in the form of the <subjectpredicateobject> triple. In this paper, we present a new data model called BiTemporal RDF (BiTRDF), which adds valid time and transaction time to the standard RDF. Our approach treats temporal information as references instead of attributes, simplifying the semantics while enhancing the model’s expressiveness and consistency. BiTRDF treats all resources and relationships as inherently bitemporal, enabling the representation and reasoning of complex temporal relationships in RDF. Illustrative examples demonstrate the model’s support for type propagation, domain-range inference, and transitive relationships in a temporal setting. While this work lays a theoretical foundation, future research will address implementation, query language support, and compatibility with RDF streams and legacy systems.

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Cited by

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Metadata

Authors
Tansel, A. U., Wu, D., & Wang, H.-T.
Affiliations
  • Baruch College (US)
  • Lehman College (US)
Corresponding author
Tansel, Abdullah Uz
ORCID
Venue
Mathematics
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2025-06-27
Volume
13
Issue
13
Pages
2109
ISSN
2227-7390 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/math13132109
OpenAlex
W4411825136
Cited by
3
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 3
FWCI
1.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Mathematics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Semantic Web and Ontologies
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Advanced Database Systems and Queries
Keywords
RDF, valid time, transaction time, temporal relations, semantic web, knowledge representation, transitive relationships, temporal reasoning

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Time Travel with the BiTemporal RDF Model. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/math13132109
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Tansel, A. U., Wu, D., & Wang, H.-T. (2025). Time Travel with the BiTemporal RDF Model. Mathematics. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13132109