Effect of Cdx2 Polymorphism on the Relationship between Dietary Calcium Intake and Peak Bone Mass in Young Japanese Women
Open accessAbstract
Studies investigating the effect of the caudal-type homeobox protein 2 (Cdx2) polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor gene and calcium intake on bone mass have shown inconsistent results. This study investigated whether the effect of calcium intake on peak bone mass is affected by Cdx2 polymorphism in young Japanese women. A cross-sectional study of 500 young women was conducted. Dietary intake was assessed by the Food Frequency Questionnaire. The osteo sono-assessment index (OSI), assessed by the qualitative ultrasound method, was used as a bone mass index. The subjects were divided into two groups by the median calcium intake. The OSI was not different among Cdx2 genotypes and between calcium groups (p = 0.960, p = 0.191, respectively). The interaction between calcium and Cdx2 genotypes on the OSI approached significance (GG versus GA and AA genotypes, p = 0.092). The difference in the OSI between calcium groups was significant in the GG genotype (p = 0.028), but not in the GA or AA genotypes (p = 0.501, p = 0.306, respectively). Adjustment for covariates (body mass index and physical activity) did not change the results. In conclusion, the relationship between dietary calcium intake and peak bone mass may vary according to Cdx2 polymorphism.
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Homeodomain proteins play an active role in adult bone mass regulation.
“it has been reported that homeodomain proteins play an active role in adult bone mass regulation42,43.”
From Targeting Msx2 as a brake in the fusion fate of osteoclasts and an anabolic therapy in pre-clinical models of osteoporosis (2025) · cites this paper as [42]
The Introduction identifies Cdx2 as a homeobox protein, and the Discussion reports that calcium intake was associated with peak bone mass differently across Cdx2 genotypes in young women (pages unavailable in our copy). But the paper does not establish that homeodomain proteins generally play an active role in regulating adult bone mass; the Discussion says the Cdx2 polymorphism did not affect bone mass on its own. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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References 52 · Cited by 5
- Authors
- Oono, F., Sakamoto, Y., Tachi, Y., Mabashi-Asazuma, H., & Iida, K.
- Affiliations
- Ochanomizu University (JP)
- Tokyo Kasei University (JP)
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
- Corresponding author
- Iida, Kaoruko
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-01-10
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 191
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7019402
- OpenAlex
- W3000403692
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 0.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (18K17938)
- Research Institute of Domestic Science, Tokyo Kasei University (Comprehensive Research Project)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Keywords
- calcium intake, peak bone mass, gene-diet interaction, young women, Japanese women
- MeSH terms
- CDX2 Transcription Factor, Adult, Bone and Bones, Calcium, Calcium, Dietary, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Genotype, Humans, Japan, Polymorphism, Genetic, Bone Density, Receptors, Calcitriol, Young Adult
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