Dietary fibre modulates the gut microbiota
Open accessAbstract
Dietary fibre has long been established as a nutritionally important, health-promoting food ingredient. Modern dietary practices have seen a significant reduction in fibre consumption compared with ancestral habits. This is related to the emergence of low-fibre "Western diets" associated with industrialised nations, and is linked to an increased prevalence of gut diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type II diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. The characteristic metabolic parameters of these individuals include insulin resistance, high fasting and postprandial glucose, as well as high plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Gut microbial signatures are also altered significantly in these cohorts, suggesting a causative link between diet, microbes and disease. Dietary fibre consumption has been hypothesised to reverse these changes through microbial fermentation and the subsequent production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which improves glucose and lipid parameters in individuals who harbour diseases associated with dysfunctional metabolism. This review article examines how different types of dietary fibre can differentially alter glucose and lipid metabolism through changes in gut microbiota composition and function.
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Higher-fiber diets are advantageous.
“Although there is still much to be elucidated with the gut microbiome and chronic disease, higher-fiber diets are advantageous (171).”
From 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes:<i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i> (2023) · cites this paper as [171]
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References 249 · Cited by 658
- Authors
- Cronin, P., Joyce, S. A., O’Toole, P. W., & O’Connor, E. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Limerick (IE)
- University College Cork (IE)
- Corresponding author
- O’Connor, Eibhlís M.
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-05-13
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1655
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8153313
- OpenAlex
- W3161441621
- Cited by
- 658
- References
- 249
- Citations by year
- 2026: 114 · 2025: 170 · 2024: 173 · 2023: 116 · 2022: 75 · 2021: 10
- FWCI
- 9.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology) (acceptedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- University of Limerick Institutional Repository (University of Limerick) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Lenus, The Irish Health Repository (Dr Steevens Hospital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Ireland (17F251)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Keywords
- dietary fiber, gut microbiota, Western diet, short-chain fatty acids, microbial fermentation, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, low-fiber diet
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Dietary Fiber, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Glucose, Humans, Lipid Metabolism
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