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Cited by 158Vitamin D Research StudiesParathyroid Disorders and TreatmentsBone health and osteoporosis research

Vitamin D-Mediated Regulation of Intestinal Calcium Absorption

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Fleet, James C.·2022·Nutrients
DOI 10.3390/nu14163351PMC PMC9416674
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Abstract

Vitamin D is a critical regulator of calcium and bone homeostasis. While vitamin D has multiple effects on bone and calcium metabolism, the regulation of intestinal calcium (Ca) absorption efficiency is a critical function for vitamin D. This is necessary for optimal bone mineralization during growth, the protection of bone in adults, and the prevention of osteoporosis. Intestinal Ca absorption is regulated by 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2 D), a hormone that activates gene transcription following binding to the intestinal vitamin D receptor (VDR). When dietary Ca intake is low, Ca absorption follows a vitamin-D-regulated, saturable pathway, but when dietary Ca intake is high, Ca absorption is predominately through a paracellular diffusion pathway. Deletion of genes that mediate vitamin D action (i.e., VDR) or production (CYP27B1) eliminates basal Ca absorption and prevents the adaptation of mice to low-Ca diets. Various physiologic or disease states modify vitamin-D-regulated intestinal absorption of Ca (enhanced during late pregnancy, reduced due to menopause and aging).

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  • A complete medical history, including dietary, medical, and pharmacological backgrounds, as well as complementary examinations, is crucial to confirm nutritional deficiency and rule out other potential causes of clinical signs.

    “Therefore, a complete medical history, including dietary, medical, and pharmacological backgrounds, as well as complementary examinations (laboratory tests and imaging studies), is crucial to confirm the nutritional deficiency and rule out other potential causes of clinical signs [41,42].”

    From The Seven Methods for the Evaluation of Nutritional Status—ABCDEFG: Narrative Review (2026) · cites this paper as [41]

    Section 2 discusses how calcium and vitamin D deficiency affect bone growth and calcium absorption, but not how to diagnose a nutritional deficiency. Searches for medical history, laboratory tests, imaging, and differential diagnosis found no passage recommending those steps to confirm deficiency or rule out other causes of clinical signs. (LLM, conf=0.76)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Clinical signs may be nonspecific and can be associated with multiple causes, not only nutritional ones.

    “It is essential to highlight that clinical signs may be nonspecific and can be associated with multiple causes, not only nutritional ones.”

    From The Seven Methods for the Evaluation of Nutritional Status—ABCDEFG: Narrative Review (2026) · cites this paper as [41]

    The paper’s section on vitamin D’s physiological role discusses calcium absorption, while its references mention nutritional and hereditary rickets. Neither addresses whether clinical signs are nonspecific or can have nutritional and nonnutritional causes. Searches for clinical signs, symptoms, and alternative causes found no passage making that point. (LLM, conf=0.76)

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Cited by

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Authors
Fleet, J. C.
Affiliations
The University of Texas at Austin (US)
Corresponding author
Fleet, James C.
ORCID
Fleet, James C.
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-08-16
Volume
14
Issue
16
Pages
3351
ISSN
2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/nu14163351
PMC
PMC9416674
OpenAlex
W4292259359
Cited by
158
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 34 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 4
FWCI
5.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK112365)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Keywords
vitamin D, intestinal calcium absorption, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D receptor, CYP27B1, calcium homeostasis, bone mineralization, osteoporosis, pregnancy, menopause, aging
MeSH terms
Animals, Calcium, Calcium, Dietary, Female, Intestinal Absorption, Pregnancy, Vitamin D, Vitamins, Receptors, Calcitriol, Mice

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