Cadmium uptake and growth responses of seven urban flowering plants: hyperaccumulator or bioindicator
Open accessAbstract
The application of flowering plants is the basis of urban forest construction. A newly-found flowering hyperaccumulator is crucial for remediating urban contaminated soil sustainably by cadmium (Cd). This study evaluated growth responses, Cd uptake and bioaccumulation characteristics of seven urban flowering plants. Based on growth responses of these plants, Calendula officinalis L. showed high tolerance to at least 100 mg kg−1 Cd, in terms of significant increase in biomass and with no obvious changes in height. After 60 d exposure to 100 mg kg−1 Cd, the accumulated Cd in shoots of the plant reached 279.51 ± 13.67 μg g−1 DW, which is above the critical value defined for a hyperaccumulator (100 μg g−1 DW for Cd). Meanwhile, the plant could accumulate Cd to as much as 926.68 ± 29.11 μg g−1 DW in root and 1206.19 ± 23.06 μg g−1 DW in plant, and had higher Cd uptake and bioaccumulation values. According to these traits, it is shown that Calendula officinalis L. can become a potential Cd-hyperaccumulator for phytoremediation. By contrast, Dianthus caryophyllus L. is very sensitive to Cd stress in terms of significantly decreased biomass, height and Cd uptake, indicating the plant is considered as a Cd-bioindicator.
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Cadmium imparts high toxicity with high transport mobility to the plant and causes extensive damage to metabolic networks.
“Cadmium (Cd) is another metal ion imparting high toxicity with high transport mobility to the plant. It is found to cause extensive damage to metabolic networks (Liao et al., 2015; Liu et al., 2022).”
From Plant hyperaccumulators: a state-of-the-art review on mechanism of heavy metal transport and sequestration (2025) · cites this paper as Liu et al., 2022
The Introduction describes cadmium as highly toxic and mobile in environmental media, with harmful effects on plant growth. It does not establish high transport mobility within plants or extensive damage to metabolic networks; a search for “metabolic” found no supporting passage. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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References 81 · Cited by 22
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Lu, R.K. Analytical Methods for Soils and Agricultural Chemistry; China Agricultural Science and Technology Press: Beijing, China, 1999. (In Chinese)
- Authors
- Liu, Z., Chen, M., Lin, M., Chen, Q., Lu, Q., Yao, J., & He, X.
- Affiliations
- Shenyang University (CN)
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration (CN)
- Shenyang Agricultural University (CN)
- Forestry Development Service Center of Liaoning, Shenyang 110036, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Lin, Maosen
- Venue
- Sustainability
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-01-06
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 619
- ISSN
- 2071-1050 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4206675841
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 1.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sustainability (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- The Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41807172)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Heavy Metals in Plants
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Keywords
- cadmium, hyperaccumulator plants, bioindicators, phytoremediation, Calendula officinalis, carnation, cadmium uptake, bioaccumulation, heavy metal tolerance, plant growth response
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