The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
On the relation between sea-surface heat flow and thermal circulation in the ocean
Open accessAbstract
A theoretical framework for the description of the thermal state and circulation in the ocean is presented. Relations between differential heating, diffusive heat flux and surface drift are derived and discussed in the light of the basic mechanical property of the system, i.e. the tendency for light water to spread on top of heavier water. We find that for low and medium temperatures, the poleward surface drift can be determined directly from a knowledge of the heat flux through the sea surface. Preliminary quantitative estimates indicate that the “Hadley circulation” for the entire ocean involves a volume flux of order 70 ± 30 Sverdrup. For the North Atlantic we find a poleward drift of order 10 Sverdrup which compares well with previous estimates of the southward deep flow. Mean values for the diffusive flux in the ocean are found to be of order 20 W m-2 at 15°C and 60 W m-2 at 25°C.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Neglecting mixing in the ocean interior the time-averaged residual meridional transport is thus entirely determined by the knowledge of airsea buoyancy fluxes (Walin 1982;Marshall 1997).”
From Competition between Baroclinic Instability and Ekman Transport under Varying Buoyancy Forcings in Upwelling Systems: An Idealized Analog to the Southern Ocean (2021) · cites this paper as Walin 1982
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Low-Level Jet as a Western Boundary Current
Anderson, D. L. T. (1976) · Monthly Weather Review · doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1976)104 · Cited by 65
Contained non-homogeneous flow under gravity or how to stratify a fluid in the laboratory
Walin, G. (1971) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112071001782 · Cited by 47
Self-citationComputations of heat flux through the ocean surface as a function of temperature
ANDERSSON, L., Rudels, B., & Walin, G. (1982) · Tellus · doi:10.1111/j.2153-3490.1982.tb01807.x · Cited by 7
Self-citationComputations of heat flux through the ocean surface as a function of temperature
Andersson, L., Rudels, B., & Walin, G. (1982) · Tellus A Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography · doi:10.3402/tellusa.v34i2.10802 · Cited by 3
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Stigebrandt A, 1981, Is the magnitude of the salinity difference between the North Pacific and the North Atlantic controlled by the topography of the Bering straits. Report no. 39
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–369 of 369
Topographic Steering of the Upper Arctic Ocean Circulation by Deep Flows
Nilsson, J., Kallmyr, J. H., & Isachsen, P. E. (2024) · Tellus A Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography · doi:10.16993/tellusa.4072 · Cited by 3
Seasonal‐to‐interannual water mass formation in the upper tropical Indian Ocean
Schiller, A. U. (2003) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2002jc001531 · Cited by 3
Satellite-Driven Estimates of Water Mass Formation and Their Spatio-Temporal Evolution
Piracha, A., Sabia, R., Klockmann, M., Castaldo, L., & Fernández, D. (2019) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00589 · Cited by 3
Reply to “Comments on ‘Diathermal Heat Transport in a Global Ocean Model’”
Holmes, R. M., Zika, J. D., & England, M. H. (2019) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo-d-19-0139.1 · Cited by 3
Computations of heat flux through the ocean surface as a function of temperature
Andersson, L., Rudels, B., & Walin, G. (1982) · Tellus A Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography · doi:10.3402/tellusa.v34i2.10802 · Cited by 3
Self-citationTurbulent isopycnal mixing dominates thermohaline transformations of intermediate ocean waters
Sévellec, F., Kolodziejczyk, N., & Portela, E. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-64806-z · Cited by 2
Kim, S., Kwon, Y., Park, W., & Lee, H. J. (2022) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2022gl099406 · Cited by 2
Bell, M. J., Nurser, A. J. G., & Storkey, D. (2023) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo-d-22-0073.1 · Cited by 2
Lüschow, V., & von Storch, J. (2023) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo-d-23-0058.1 · Cited by 2
Goldsworth, F. W., Johnson, H. L., Marshall, D. P., & Bras, I. A.-A. L. (2024) · Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans · doi:10.1029/2023jc020365 · Cited by 2
A Framework for Constraining Ocean Mixing Rates and Overturning Circulation from Age Tracers
Zhang, B., Linz, M., Sun, S., & Thompson, A. F. (2024) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo-d-23-0162.1 · Cited by 2
Deep Circulation Variability through the Eastern Subpolar North Atlantic
Li, F., Fu, Y., Lozier, M. S., Bras, I. A.-A. L., de Jong, M. F., Wang, Y., & Sanchez‐Franks, A. (2024) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli-d-23-0487.1 · Cited by 2
The Responses of Antarctic Sea Ice and Overturning Cells to Meridional Wind Forcing
Song, H., Choi, Y., Doddridge, E. W., & Marshall, J. C. (2024) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli-d-24-0070.1 · Cited by 2
Assimilation of Hydrographic Data and Analysis of Model Bias
Haines, K. (2003) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-010-0029-1_27 · Cited by 2
Surface Ventilation and Circulation
Talley, L. D., Fine, R. A., Lumpkin, R., Maximenko, N., & Morrow, R. A. (2010) · doi:10.5270/oceanobs09.pp.38 · Cited by 2
Quantifying Local, Instantaneous, Irreversible Mixing Using Lagrangian Particles and Tracer Contours
(2022) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo-d-21-0260.1 · Cited by 2
The water mass transformation framework and variability in hurricane activity
Harris, E., McCarthy, G., Grist, J. P., & Marsh, R. (2022) · Climate Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s00382-022-06169-5 · Cited by 2
Approaches to Data Assimilation within GODAE
Mey, P. D., Awaji, T., Bell, M. J., Bennett, A. F., Brasseur, P. P., Evensen, G., Haines, K., Fukumori, I., Smedstad, O. M., Stammer, D. B., et al. (2002) · HAL · Cited by 2
Control of the abyssal ocean overturning circulation by mixing-driven bottom boundary layers
Drake, H. F. (2021) · doi:10.1575/1912/27424 · Cited by 2
Topological Constraints by the Greenland–Scotland Ridge on AMOC and Climate
Rheinlænder, J. W., Ferreira, D., & Nisancioglu, K. H. (2020) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli-d-19-0726.1 · Cited by 1
The Effect of Southern Ocean Topography on the Global MOC and Abyssal Water Mass Distribution
Monkman, T., & Jansen, M. F. (2024) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo-d-23-0253.1 · Cited by 1
Hypsographic Control on the Diapycnal Flow in the Eastern Gotland Basin of the Baltic Sea
Hieronymus, M., Pemberton, P., Hordoir, R., & Mulder, T. E. (2025) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo-d-24-0120.1 · Cited by 1
Deep Argo Observations of Buoyancy Redistribution in the Atlantic Overturning
Desbruyères, D. G., Mercier, H., Johnson, G. C., Thierry, V., & Mork, K. A. (2025) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2025gl117970 · Cited by 1
The impact of air‐sea fluxes on the thermohaline circulation
Howe, N. (2008) · Weather · doi:10.1002/wea.277 · Cited by 1
The global circulation and transformation of water masses
Marsh, R., & van Sebille, E. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816059-6.00007-3 · Cited by 1
Viebahn, J., & Eden, C. (2016) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1605.00541 · Cited by 1
Reply to “Comment on ‘Abyssal Upwelling and Downwelling Driven by Near-Boundary Mixing’”
McDougall, T. J., & Ferrari, R. (2018) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo-d-17-0227.1 · Cited by 1
Some aspects of the Atlantic ocean circulation
Mohammad, R. (2005) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Variability of water mass transformation and formation in the southern hemisphere
Karstensen, J., & Quadfasel, D. R. (2001) · Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR)
Shallow ocean overturning and the heat and carbon content of the Glacial Tropical Ocean
Anderson, D. M., & Zhang, H.-M. (2009) · Global and Planetary Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2009.07.006
Circulation and transformation of Atlantic and Arctic water masses in climate models
Langehaug, H. R. (2011) · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives
Intercomparison Project phase 5 The Southern Ocean in the Coupled Model
Meijers, A. (2014)
Kanzow, T., Visbeck, M. H., & Krebs‐Kanzow, U. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63524-2.00017-8
Satellite based estimation of water-mass formation areas and extents
Sabia, R., Fernández‐Prieto, D., Klockmann, M., Castaldo, L., & Piracha, A. (2018) · Remote Sensing of the Ocean, Sea Ice, Coastal Waters, and Large Water Regions · doi:10.1117/12.2325699
A numerical modeling study on the energy budgets of the general circulation of the ocean
Urakawa, S. (2019) · Oceanography in Japan · doi:10.5928/kaiyou.28.2_19
Groeskamp, S., de Lavergne, C., Holmes, R. M., Tamsitt, V., Frenger, I., Chapman, C., Newsom, E. R., & Stanley, G. J. (2019) · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society · doi:10.1175/bams-d-19-0153.1
Global thermohaline circulation and ocean-atmosphere coupling
Wang, X. (1997) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Physical and Biological Regulation of the Soft Tissue Carbon Pump
Parekh, P., Follows, M. J., Dutkiewicz, S., & Ito, T. (2006) · AGUFM
Viúdez, Á. (2020) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo-d-19-0221.1
Kukushkin, V., Markina, M., Gulev, S., & Dobrolyubov, S. (2021) · Oceanology · doi:10.1134/s000143702104007x
Observed, computed, and deduced transports through the main gateways
Rudels, B. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816930-8.00004-9
Handmann, P., Visbeck, M. H., & Kanzow, T. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821575-3.00012-8
(2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-4552-2.10029-0
Simulated response of South Atlantic Subtropical Mode Water to air-sea processesPreprint
Bernardo, P. S., Sato, O. T., & Taschetto, A. S. (2021) · doi:10.1002/essoar.10506445.1
Mathematics of circulation in arbitrary fluid property spacesPreprint
Nurser, A. J. G., Griffies, S. M., Zika, J. D., & Stanley, G. J. (2022) · doi:10.1002/essoar.10511370.2
In Memoriam Gösta Walin 1938–2022
Nilsson, J., Davies, P. A., & Stigebrandt, A. (2023) · Tellus A Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography · doi:10.16993/tellusa.3225
Goldsworth, F. W., Bras, I. A.-A. L., Johnson, H. L., & Marshall, D. P. (2023) · doi:10.22541/essoar.169447421.13100701/v1
The fate of freshwater around Greenland: insights from an eddying coupled general circulation modelPreprint
Goldsworth, F. W. (2024) · doi:10.22541/essoar.172191625.54735141/v1
Residual Overturning Circulation and Associated Water-Mass Transformation in the East/Japan Sea
Kim, Y., Song, H., Han, K., An, S., Park, Y., & Marshall, J. C. (2025) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo-d-24-0100.1
Surface Water Mass Transformation in North Atlantic Based on NCEP CSFR Reanalysis
Kukushkin, V., & Gulev, S. (2025) · Water · doi:10.3390/w17142095
Prochko, T., & Masumoto, Y. (2025) · Journal of Oceanography · doi:10.1007/s10872-025-00774-8
Handmann, P., Bras, I. A.-A. L., & Visbeck, M. H. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-32838-1.00001-1
Enhanced upwelling of Antarctic Bottom Water by topographic interaction of water mass interfacesPreprint
Baker, L. E., Mashayek, A., & Garabato, A. C. N. (2022) · doi:10.22541/essoar.167100492.26088581/v1
Strengthening of Labrador Sea Overturning Linked to Subsurface Freshening Over Recent Decades
Li, F., Fu, Y., Petit, T., & Zou, S. (2026) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2025gl118605
Fan, C., Sun, C., & Chu, P. C. (2009)
Mutai, C. (2000) · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013
Vauclair (2004) · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2004)034
McHugh, M. (2004) · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017
Metadata
- Authors
- Walin, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Walin, Gösta
- Venue
- Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography
- Publisher
- Stockholm University Press
- Published
- 1982-01-01
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 187
- ISSN
- 0280-6495 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0870
- OpenAlex
- W1990361050
- Cited by
- 385
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 0.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Tellus A Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine Plankton and Biogeochemistry
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Keywords
- sea surface heat flux, Hadley circulation, differential heating
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review