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The securitisation of hybrid warfare through practices within the Iran-Israel conflict - Israel's practices to securitize Hezbollah's Proxy War
Open accessAbstract
Iran has been waging a hybrid war against Israel since the Islamic revolution of 1979. In an era when conventional wars have given way to a different method, hybrid warfare, the main challenge facing states is how to deal with this new type of security threat. Thus, while states have previously faced security threats from regular enemy states’ armies, nowadays hybrid warfare in which non-state actors play a key role has become a widespread security threat that requires democratic states to use very different strategies and tactics to overcome it. Using securitisation theory, which explores how normal issues transform into security threats, this article analyses how the State of Israel has securitised Iranian hybrid warfare which has been mainly executed through its proxy terror organisations of Hezbollah. It does so by applying a revised version of the Copenhagen School’s securitisation framework, which focuses on security practices and is underpinned by an understanding of security as belonging to a continuum. The proxy terror organisations have moved towards the end point of the continuum, which is characterised by survival, existential threats, and militarisation, albeit without completely reaching the end point.
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“Hard line factions within the clerical establishment use anti-Israel rhetoric to bolster their legitimacy.They also link domestic cohesion to regional goals, such as resisting Western influence and supporting Palestinian causes (Kaunert & Wertman, 2020).”
From Theoretical Analysis of the Iran and Israel Conflict: Identity, Power, and Ideology (2025) · cites this paper as Kaunert & Wertman, 2020
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“In contrast, Iran compensates for its weaker conventional military by adopting an asymmetric approach.It relies on proxies like Hezbollah, Hamas, and Shia militias in Iraq and Syria.These groups expand Iran's influence and allow it to challenge Israeli interests indirectly, avoiding direct conflict (Kaunert & Wertman, 2020).”
From Theoretical Analysis of the Iran and Israel Conflict: Identity, Power, and Ideology (2025) · cites this paper as Kaunert & Wertman, 2020
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Sorted by citations
Theoretical Analysis of the Iran and Israel Conflict: Identity, Power, and Ideology
Siddiqi, M. U., & Windy Khairunnisa, B. (2025) · Journal of Islamic Civilization and Culture Review · doi:10.58524/jiccr.v1i1.21
Metadata
- Authors
- Kaunert, C., & Wertman, O.
- Affiliations
- University of South Wales (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Kaunert, Christian
- Venue
- Security and Defence Quarterly
- Publisher
- War Studies University
- Published
- 2020-12-11
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 99-114
- ISSN
- 2300-8741 (ISSN-L)
- 2544-994X
- OpenAlex
- W3112379550
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 3.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Security and Defence Quarterly (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Global Security and Public Health
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › European and Russian Geopolitical Military Strategies
- Keywords
- securitization, hybrid warfare, Iran-Israel conflict, Hezbollah, proxy wars, security practices, Copenhagen School, existential risk, militarization, non-state actors
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