CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 12Misinformation and Its ImpactsSocial Media and PoliticsMedia Influence and Politics

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Disinformation creep: ADOS and the strategic weapon-ization of breaking news

Open access
Nkonde, Mutale, Rodriguez, Maria Y., Cortana, Leonard, Mukogosi, Joan K., King, Shakira, Serrato, Ray, Martinez, Natalie, Drummer, Mary, Lewis, Ann, Malik, Momin M.·2021·Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review
DOI 10.37016/mr-2020-52
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

In this essay, we conduct a descriptive content analysis from a sample of a dataset made up of 534 thousand scraped tweets, supplemented with access to 1.36 million tweets from the Twitter fire-hose, from accounts that used the #ADOS hashtag between November 2019 and September 2020. ADOS is an acronym for American Descendants of Slavery, a largely online group that operates within Black online communities. We find that the ADOS network strategically uses breaking news events to encourage discourage Black voters from voting for the Democratic party, a phenomenon we call disinformation creep. Conversely, the ADOS network has remained largely silent about the impact of the novel coronavirus on Black communities, undermining its claims that it works in the interests of Black Americans.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.37016/mr-2020-52This paper is marked retracted.

Cites

5 of 5 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 5 references

Research works printed but not linked: 23

  1. Aceves, W. (2019). Virtual hatred: How Russia tried to start a race war in the United States. Michigan Journal of Race and Law, 24, 117–250. https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1290&context=mjrl · DOI
  2. Albright, C. (2017, November 1). A Russian Facebook page organized a protest in Texas. A different Russian page launched the counter protest. The Texas Tribune. https://www.texastribune.org/2017/11/01/russian-facebook-page-organized-protest-texas-different-russian-page-l/ · DOI
  3. Brown, A., Houser, R. F., Mattei, J., Mozaffarian, D., Lichtenstein, A. H., & Folta, S. C. (2017). Hypertension among US-born and foreign-born non-Hispanic Blacks: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2014 data. Journal of Hypertension, 35(12), 2380–2387. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000001489 · DOI
  4. Darity, W. A., Jr., & Mullen, K. A. (2020). From here to equality: Reparations for Black Americans in the twenty-first century. UNC Press. · DOI
  5. Doamekpor, L. A., & Dinwiddie, G. Y. (2015). Allostatic load in foreign-born and US-born blacks: Evidence from the 2001-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. American Journal of Public Health, 105(3), 591–597. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302285 · DOI
  6. Gaffney, D., & Puschmann, C. (2014). Data collection on Twitter. In K. Weller, A. Bruns, J. Burgess, M. Mahrt, & C. Puschmann, Twitter and Society (pp. 55–68). Peter Lang. · DOI
  7. Hetrick, C. (2020, March 20). The Supreme Court sides with Comcast in Byron Allen’s racial discrimination case. The Philadelphia Inquirer. https://www.inquirer.com/business/comcast/supreme-court-comcast-byron-allen-racial-discrimination-case-20200323.html · DOI
  8. Iheduru, A. (2013). Examining the social distance between Africans and African Americans: The role of internalized racism (Publication No. wsupsych1341565205) [Doctoral dissertation, Wright State University]. OhioLINK. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1341565205
  9. Kearney, M. W. (2019). rtweet: Collecting and analyzing Twitter data. Journal of Open Source Software, 4(42), 1829. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01829 · DOI
  10. Khazanchi, R., Evans, C. T., & Marcelin, J. R. (2020, September 25). Racism, not race, drives inequity across the COVID-19 continuum. JAMA Network Open, 3(9), e2019933. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.19933 · DOI
  11. Luu, C. (2020, February 12). Black English matters. Jstor Daily. https://daily.jstor.org/black-english-matters/
  12. McClintock P. (2018, March 24). Box office: ‘Black Panther’ becomes top-grossing superhero film of all time in U.S. The Hollywood Reporter. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/box-office-black-panther-becomes-top-grossing-superhero-film-all-time-us-1097101 · DOI
  13. Nelson, L. K. (2020). Computational grounded theory: A methodological framework. Sociological Methods & Research, 49(1), 3–42. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124117729703 · DOI
  14. Parker, K., Horowitz, J. M., & Anderson, M. (2020, June 12). Amid protests, majorities across racial and ethnic groups express support for the Black Lives Matter Movement. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2020/06/12/amid-protests-majorities-across-racial-and-ethnic-groups-express-support-for-the-black-lives-matter-movement/ · DOI
  15. Qui, L. (2017, December 12). Fingerprints of Russian disinformation: From AIDS to fake news. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/12/us/politics/russian-disinformation-aids-fake-news.html · DOI
  16. Richardson, E. T., Malik, M. M., Darity, W. A., Jr., Mullen, A. K., Malik, M., Benton, A., Bassett, M. T., Farmer, P. E., Worden, L., & Jones, J. H. (2020). Reparations for Black American descendants of persons enslaved in the U.S. and their estimated impact on SARS-CoV-2 transmission. medRxiv 2020.06.04.20112011. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.04.20112011 · DOI
  17. Roberts, M.E., Stewart, B.M., & Tingley, D. (2019). stm: An R package for Structural Topic Models. Journal of Statistical Software, 91(2), 1–40. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v091.i02 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Rodriguez, M. Y., & Storer, H. (2020). A computational social science perspective on qualitative data exploration: Using topic models for the descriptive analysis of social media data. Journal of Technology in Human Services, 38(1), 54–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228835.2019.1616350 · DOI
  19. Russ, V. (2019, October 28). New Jersey NAACP chapter cancels screening of ‘Harriet,’ citing Comcast’s challenge to civil rights act. The Philadelphia Inquirer. https://www.inquirer.com/news/new-jersey/harriet-movie-naacp-comcast-civil-rights-law-1866-cancels-screening-new-jersey-20191028.html · DOI
  20. Select Committee on Intelligence, United States Senate. (2019, October). Russian active measures campaigns and interference in the 2016 U.S. election, Volume 2: Russia's use of social media with additional views. 116th Congress 1st Session Senate, Report 116-XX. https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Report_Volume2.pdf · DOI
  21. Sarts, J. (2017, June 28). Prepared statement of Janis Sarts, Director of NATO Strategic Communications Centre of Excellence on Russian Interference in European Elections. In Russian Intervention in European Elections: Hearing before the Select Committee on Intelligence of the United States Senate, One Hundred Fifteenth Congress, First Session, Wednesday, June 28, 2017 (pp. 29–34). Senate Hearing 115-105. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/hearings/S.%20Hrg.%20115-105.pdf · DOI
  22. Stanton, M. (2019). Red Black White: The Alabama Communist Party 1930–1950. University of Georgia Press.
  23. White, I. K. & Laird, C. N. (2020, February 25). Why are Blacks Democrats? Princeton University Press. https://press.princeton.edu/ideas/why-are-blacks-democrats · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

  • Exploring #Diasporawars on Black Twitter

    Musgrave, T., Ye, Y., Toyama, K., Schoenebeck, S., & Threats, M. (2025) · Social Media + Society · doi:10.1177/20563051251352834 · Cited by 3

    “Black Twitter serves as a digital battleground where users challenge mis/disinformation (Nkonde et al., 2021), respectability politics (Hill, 2018), and hegemonic narratives (Lockett, 2021).”

Metadata

Authors
Nkonde, M., Rodriguez, M. Y., Cortana, L., Mukogosi, J. K., King, S., Serrato, R., Martinez, N., Drummer, M., Lewis, A., & Malik, M. M.
Affiliations
  • Columbia University (US)
  • University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
  • New York University (US)
  • AI for the People, USA
  • MoveOn, USA
ORCID
Venue
Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review
Publisher
Shorenstein Center for Media, Politics, and Public Policy
Published
2021-01-19
ISSN
2766-1652 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.37016/mr-2020-52
OpenAlex
W3124591688
Cited by
12
References
5
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3
FWCI
3.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Status
Retracted
Update notices
retraction (2021-12-22)
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Misinformation and Its Impacts
  • Social Sciences › Communication › Social Media and Politics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Media Influence and Politics
Keywords
Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, hashtag activism, Black voters, Democratic Party, voter suppression, COVID-19 misinformation, Twitter, political disinformation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review