The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An in vivo Assay to Test Blood Vessel Permeability
Open accessAbstract
This method is based on the intravenous injection of Evans Blue in mice as the test animal model. Evans blue is a dye that binds albumin. Under physiologic conditions the endothelium is impermeable to albumin, so Evans blue bound albumin remains restricted within blood vessels. In pathologic conditions that promote increased vascular permeability endothelial cells partially lose their close contacts and the endothelium becomes permeable to small proteins such as albumin. This condition allows for extravasation of Evans Blue in tissues. A healthy endothelium prevents extravasation of the dye in the neighboring vascularized tissues. Organs with increased permeability will show significantly increased blue coloration compared to organs with intact endothelium. The level of vascular permeability can be assessed by simple visualization or by quantitative measurement of the dye incorporated per milligram of tissue of control versus experimental animal/tissue. Two powerful aspects of this assay are its simplicity and quantitative characteristics. Evans Blue dye can be extracted from tissues by incubating a specific amount of tissue in formamide. Evans Blue absorbance maximum is at 620 nm and absorbance minimum is at 740 nm. By using a standard curve for Evans Blue, optical density measurements can be converted into milligram dye captured per milligram of tissue. Statistical analysis should be used to assess significant differences in vascular permeability.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Vascular reactions to histamine, histamine‐liberator and leukotaxine in the skin of guinea‐pigs
Miles, A. A., & Miles, E. M. (1952) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1952.sp004789 · Cited by 527
Molecular mechanisms of endothelial hyperpermeability: implications in inflammation
Kumar, P., Shen, Q., Pivetti, C. D., Lee, E. S., Wu, M. H., & Yuan, S. Y. (2009) · Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1017/s1462399409001112 · Cited by 380
Inducible NO synthase: role in cellular signalling
Beck, K.-F., Eberhardt, W., Frank, S., Huwiler, A., Meßmer, U. K., Mühl, H., & Pfeilschifter, J. (1999) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.202.6.645 · Cited by 164
Vascular permeability in cardiovascular disease and cancer
Weis, S. M. (2008) · Current Opinion in Hematology · doi:10.1097/moh.0b013e3282f97d86 · Cited by 159
Scheppke, L., Aguilar, E., Gariano, R. F., Jacobson, R., Hood, J. D., Doukas, J., Cao, J., Noronha, G., Yee, S., Weis, S. M., et al. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci33361 · Cited by 115
Chapter 8 An Assay System for In Vitro Detection of Permeability in Human “Endothelium”
Martins‐Green, M. M., Petreaca, M. L., & Yao, M. (2008) · Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology · doi:10.1016/s0076-6879(08)02008-9 · Cited by 53
Role of nitric oxide in capillary perfusion and oxygen delivery regulation during systemic hypoxia
Bertuglia, S., & Giusti, A. (2004) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00426.2004 · Cited by 36
Dvořàk, A. M. (2005) · KARGER eBooks · doi:10.1159/000086517 · Cited by 32
Loss of CD34 Leads To Exacerbated Autoimmune Arthritis through Increased Vascular Permeability
Blanchet, M., Gold, M., Maltby, S., Bennett, J. L., Petri, B., Kubes, P., Lee, D. M., & McNagny, K. M. (2009) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0900808 · Cited by 29
Role of Endothelial Cell–Cell Junctions in Endothelial Permeability
Guelte, A. L., & Gavard, J. (2011) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-191-8_18 · Cited by 26
Cited by
Intravascular staining for discrimination of vascular and tissue leukocytes
Anderson, K. G., Mayer-Barber, K., Sung, H., Beura, L., James, B. R., Taylor, J. J., Qunaj, L., Griffith, T. S., Vezys, V., Barber, D. L., et al. (2014) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2014.005 · Cited by 812
Mutual regulation of tumour vessel normalization and immunostimulatory reprogramming
Tian, L., Goldstein, A., Wang, H., Ching Lo, H., Sun Kim, I., Welte, T., Sheng, K., Dobrolecki, L. E., Zhang, X., Putluri, N., et al. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature21724 · Cited by 841
Huang, Y., Xu, Z., Xiong, S., Sun, F., Qin, G., Hu, G., Wang, J., Zhao, L., Liang, Y.-X., Wu, T., et al. (2018) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0090-8 · Cited by 560
PAK signalling during the development and progression of cancer
Radu, M., Semenova, G., Kosoff, R., & Chernoff, J. (2014) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc3645 · Cited by 503
Self-citationA Neutrophil Timer Coordinates Immune Defense and Vascular Protection
Adrover, J. M., del Fresno, C., Crainiciuc, G., Cuartero, M. I., Casanova-Acebes, M., Weiss, L. A., Huerga-Encabo, H., Silvestre-Roig, C., Rossaint, J., Cossío, I., et al. (2019) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.01.002 · Cited by 445
Metadata
- Authors
- Radu, M., & Chernoff, J.
- Venue
- Journal of Visualized Experiments
- Publisher
- MyJove Corporation
- Published
- 2013-03-16
- Issue
- 73
- Pages
- e50062-e50062
- ISSN
- 1940-087X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2043803772
- Cited by
- 320
- References
- 11
- FWCI
- 5.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: An in vivo Assay to Test Blood Vessel Permeability. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3791/50062
- The paper
- Radu, M., & Chernoff, J. (2013). An in vivo Assay to Test Blood Vessel Permeability. Journal of Visualized Experiments. https://doi.org/10.3791/50062
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
