Telomerase and telomeres in aging theory and chronographic aging theory (Review)
Open accessAbstract
The current review focuses on the connection of telomerase and telomeres with aging. In this review, we describe the changes in telomerase and telomere length (TEL) during development, their role in carcinogenesis processes, and the consequences of reduced telomerase activity. More specifically, the connection of TEL in peripheral blood cells with the development of aging‑associated diseases is discussed. The review provides systematic data on the role of telomerase in mitochondria, the biology of telomeres in stem cells, as well as the consequences of the forced expression of telomerase (telomerization) in human cells. Additionally, it presents the effects of chronic stress exposure on telomerase activity, the effect of TEL on fertility, and the effect of nutraceutical supplements on TEL. Finally, a comparative review of the chronographic theory of aging, presented by Olovnikov is provided based on currently available scientific research on telomere, telomerase activity, and the nature of aging by multicellular organisms.
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During each mitotic cell division, DNA polymerases are unable to fully replicate the lagging strand of telomere DNA at the chromosome end, resulting in an annual telomere shortening rate of approximately 20-40 base pairs.
“during each mitotic cell division, DNA polymerases are unable to fully replicate the lagging strand of telomere DNA at the chromosome end, resulting in an annual telomere shortening rate of approximately 20–40 base pairs [170,171].”
From Current and Future Trends of Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Exploring Advances in Immunotherapy (2024) · cites this paper as [171]
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References 202 · Cited by 89
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [5]De Lange T Lundblad V Blackburn EH Telomeres Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press New York, NY 21 48 2006
- Authors
- Razgonova, M., Zakharenko, A., Golokhvast, K., Thanasoula, M., Sarandi, E., Nikolouzakis, K., Fragkiadaki, P., Tsoukalas, D., Spandidos, D., & Tsatsakis, A.
- Affiliations
- N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry (RU)
- Metabolomic Μedicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
- University of Crete (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Tsatsakis, Aristidis
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Medicine Reports
- Publisher
- Spandidos Publications
- Published
- 2020-06-25
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1679-1694
- ISSN
- 1791-2997 (ISSN-L)
- 1791-3004
- PMC
- PMC7411297
- OpenAlex
- W3037805621
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 202
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 1.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Molecular Medicine Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Crete
- Far Eastern Federal University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Keywords
- telomerase, telomeres, aging, telomere length, carcinogenesis, age-related diseases, telomerization, chronic stress, fertility, nutraceutical supplement, multicellular organisms
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Humans, Mitochondria, Telomere, Telomerase, Telomere Shortening
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