Deterrents to Nurses’ Participation in Continuing Professional Development: An Integrative Literature Review
Abstract
Background Continuing education (CE) helps nurses keep their practice safe and current. Although the literature provides information about motivating strategies, learning styles and settings, and reinforcement of the need to update skills, little research has focused on barriers to nurses' CE program attendance. This literature review describes factors that deter nurses' CE attendance. Methods Ten research studies published between 1990 and 2008 addressing barriers to nurses' CE participation were located. Results The most frequent deterrents found were the cost of attending CE, inability to get time off from work to attend CE, and child care and home responsibilities. Conclusion Leaders supporting CE must understand factors that motivate and prevent nurses from participating in CE. Implications from this study can assist educators to develop CE offerings to better meet staff needs and increase participation.
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Previous research identified personal and contextual barriers to attending professional development activities, including inability to leave the unit due to patient care responsibilities, cost of conferences, difficulty getting time off, lack of managerial support, and child care or home responsibilities.
“Previous research has identified a number of personal and contextual barriers to attending professional development activities including the inability to leave their unit(s) due to patient care responsibilities (Dealy & Bass 1995), the cost of conferences (Dealy & Bass 1995, Harper 2000, Schweitzer & Krassa 2010), difficulty getting time off from work to attend (Schweitzer & Krassa 2010), lack of”
From Understanding skill acquisition among registered nurses: the ‘perpetual novice’ phenomenon (2015) · cites this paper as Schweitzer & Krassa 2010
Cites
Writing Integrative Literature Reviews: Guidelines and Examples
Torraco, R. J. (2005) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/1534484305278283 · Cited by 3,534 · see citing works
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“Research examining barriers have included national and state-wide research undertaken looking at barriers to nurses engaging in CPD [75,76].”
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“…Kim, 2018; Fiset et al., 2017; Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010), balancing responsibilities of work and home (Dyck & Kim, 2018; Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010; Wasike et al., 2019) and a perceived lack of benefit in undertaking professional development (Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010) were reported as challenges.”
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“Review studies conducted elsewhere have shown several barriers to nurses’ participation in CPD (5, 11).”
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“…barriers to providing staff education are time and cost, including constraining work and family responsibilities, the need to travel for continuing education, nonsupportive work environments, and lack of access to information about quality continuing education programs (Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010).”
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“Meanwhile, barriers to participation in CPD among trainees were mainly childcare and heavy workload, which were also consistent with past research [43].”
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“…barriers to nurses' participation in CE programs include lack of nursing manager’s and co-workers’ support, time constraint, unpleasant experiences of previous programs, and cost of courses (Chong, Sellick, Francis, & Abdullah, 2011; Ni et al., 2013; Penz et al., 2007; Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010).”
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“High-volume work environments, inflexible work schedules, and limited resources have been cited by oncology nurses as barriers to meeting professional training requirements (Bakker et al., 2013; Lemonde & Payman, 2015; Rennie & Mackenzie, 2010; Santos, 2012; Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010).”
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Wilson, B., Harwood, L., & Oudshoorn, A. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.12978 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“…inability to leave their unit(s) due to patient care responsibilities (Dealy & Bass 1995), the cost of conferences (Dealy & Bass 1995, Harper 2000, Schweitzer & Krassa 2010), difficulty getting time off from work to attend (Schweitzer & Krassa 2010), lack of managerial support for continuing…”
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Nurses' Perception of the Importance of Evaluating Continuing Education Programs
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“이는 간호 사 보수교육의 장해요인에 대한 연구(Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010)에서 지방 거주 간호사들이 보수교육 기회 및 정보 부 족, 교육기관과의 먼 거리 등으로 인해 보수교육 이수에 어려 움이 있다는 결과와도 유사하다.”
Priscah, M., Robert, K., Omenge, O. R., & Anne, N. (2017) · doi:10.11648/j.ajns.20170604.14 · Cited by 7
“In as much as nurses recognize professional development as important as it contributes to personal, institutional and professional development, some personal, professional or organizational factors hinder nurses’ participation in CPD activities [18].”
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Factors Influencing Participation In Professional Developmental Activities Among Nursing Personnel
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“However, personal challenges including balancing obligations, financial cost, limitations of time, inability to get time off work, and lack of confidence in study skills have been identified as barriers to postgraduate education (Pollard et al., 2016; Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010).”
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“…learning such as costs, travel, available content, occupational and personal responsibilities, motivation, and time away from work (Bahn, 2007; Cleary et al., 2011; Cooper, 2009; Gould et al., 2007; Griscti & Jacono, 2006; Kubsch et al., 2003; Nalle et al., 2010; Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010).”
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“Previous studies have highlighted barriers preventing HCPs from attending continued education that include negative attitudes (25), time constraints and limited nance to support training (25-27), child care and home responsibilities(26), lack of opportunity and previous negative experience(27).”
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Immersive Virtual Reality Environments for Perioperative Nursing
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“Consequently, it becomes increasingly difficult for social and health care workers to engage in any additional engagement or activities, as they are already over-burdened by their daily tasks and requirements (Coventry et al. 2015; Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010).”
Afrontar los retos de la formación del personal de enfermería
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“Nursing literature has also found that many practitioners have difficulty traveling to continuing education opportunities outside of work (Penz et al., 2007; Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010).”
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Perioperative Nurses' Experiences as Students: The Perceived Status of Being at University
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“…literature and CC opportunities, as they face challenges with traveling to CC in-services while also reporting that they work at facilities with insufficient access to literature as it pertains to their practice setting (Penz et al., 2007; Samuelsson & Wressle, 2015; Schweitzer & Krassa, 2010).”
Background
- Authors
- Schweitzer, D. J., & Krassa, T. J.
- Venue
- The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing
- Publisher
- SLACK, Inc.
- Published
- 2010-10
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 441-447
- ISSN
- 0022-0124 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2032917359
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 6.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Innovations in Medical Education
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Leadership and Management › Healthcare Education and Workforce Issues
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Nursing education and management
- Keywords
- continuing professional development, barriers to participation, nurses, work-family responsibilities, child care, nursing education
- MeSH terms
- Attitude of Health Personnel, Clinical Competence, Costs and Cost Analysis, Education, Nursing, Continuing, Humans, Motivation, Personnel Staffing and Scheduling
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