Cited by 176Body Composition Measurement TechniquesObesity, Physical Activity, DietObesity and Health Practices

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Universal equation for estimating ideal body weight and body weight at any BMI

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Peterson, Courtney M, Thomas, Diana M, Blackburn, George L, Heymsfield, Steven B·2016·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

DOI 10.3945/ajcn.115.121178PMC PMC4841935

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Abstract

Background Ideal body weight (IBW) equations and body mass index (BMI) ranges have both been used to delineate healthy or normal weight ranges, although these 2 different approaches are at odds with each other. In particular, past IBW equations are misaligned with BMI values, and unlike BMI, the equations have failed to recognize that there is a range of ideal or target body weights.Objective For the first time, to our knowledge, we merged the concepts of a linear IBW equation and of defining target body weights in terms of BMI.Design With the use of calculus and approximations, we derived an easy-to-use linear equation that clinicians can use to calculate both IBW and body weight at any target BMI value. We measured the empirical accuracy of the equation with the use of NHANES data and performed a comparative analysis with past IBW equations.Results Our linear equation allowed us to calculate body weights for any BMI and height with a mean empirical accuracy of 0.5-0.7% on the basis of NHANES data. Moreover, we showed that our body weight equation directly aligns with BMI values for both men and women, which avoids the overestimation and underestimation problems at the upper and lower ends of the height spectrum that have plagued past IBW equations.Conclusions Our linear equation increases the sophistication of IBW equations by replacing them with a single universal equation that calculates both IBW and body weight at any target BMI and height. Therefore, our equation is compatible with BMI and can be applied with the use of mental math or a calculator without the need for an app, which makes it a useful tool for both health practitioners and the general public.

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Authors: Peterson, C. M., Thomas, D. M., Blackburn, G. L., & Heymsfield, S. B.
Affiliations: Louisiana State University System (US)
Montclair State University (US)
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
Corresponding author: Peterson, Courtney M
ORCID: Peterson, Courtney M
Thomas, Diana M
Heymsfield, Steven B
Venue: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-05
Volume: 103
Issue: 5
Pages: 1197-1203
ISSN: 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.121178
PMC: PMC4841935
OpenAlex: W2334081495
Cited by: 175
References: 17
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1
FWCI: 7.51
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 2484 d)
Locations: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center (U54GM104940, 1 U54 GM104940, GM104940)
National Institutes of Health (GM104940)
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM104940, U54GM104940)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK040561)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity and Health Practices
Keywords: ideal body weight, body mass index, linear equations, weight estimation, body height, NHANES
MeSH terms: Adult, Body Height, Body Weight, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Theoretical, Nutrition Surveys, Body Mass Index, Ideal Body Weight

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Universal equation for estimating ideal body weight and body weight at any BMI

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