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Cited by 57Celiac Disease Research and ManagementEosinophilic EsophagitisChild Nutrition and Feeding Issues

Pediatric Celiac Disease: Follow-Up in the Spotlight

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Valitutti, Francesco, Trovato, Chiara Maria, Montuori, Monica, Cucchiara, Salvatore·2017·Advances in Nutrition
DOI 10.3945/an.116.013292PMC PMC5347098
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Abstract

The follow-up of celiac disease (CD) is challenging due to the scarcity of published data and the lack of standardized evidence-based protocols. The worldwide frequency and methods of CD follow-up appear to be heavily influenced by expert opinions of the individual physicians who assess children with CD. The aim of this review was to summarize the available studies on CD follow-up in children. We conducted a literature search with the use of PubMed, Medline, and Embase (from 1900 to 15 December 2016) for terms relevant to this review, including CD, follow-up, dietary adherence or dietary compliance, nutrition, comorbidities, complications, and quality of life. The aims of follow-up are as follows: to ensure strict adherence to a gluten-free diet, to ensure nutritional adequacy, to improve quality of life, and to prevent disease complications. For the correct evaluation of children with CD at follow-up, a clinical and biochemical evaluation is necessary on a regular basis. It is advisable to assess compliance, nutrition, comorbidities, or possible complications once a year at the referral center. Laboratory tests might be useful for a thorough evaluation of any patient with CD to rule out a micronutrient deficiency (full blood count, ferritin, folic acid, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12) and possible cardiovascular risk factors (glucose, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides). Biochemical evaluation is essential when there are clinical problems and should be customized on the basis of the specific clinical suspicion. Associated autoimmune thyroiditis should also be screened for yearly by measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid autoantibody concentrations, regardless of symptoms, because hypothyroidism is often subtle and methods for early treatment are available and desirable. Although evidence-based recommendations for follow-up of pediatric patients with CD have not yet been established, we advise a yearly follow-up visit as the safest approach.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Valitutti, F., Trovato, C. M., Montuori, M., & Cucchiara, S.
Affiliations
Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
Corresponding author
Cucchiara, Salvatore
ORCID
Venue
Advances in Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-03
Volume
8
Issue
2
Pages
356-361
ISSN
  • 2156-5376 (ISSN-L)
  • 2161-8313
DOI
10.3945/an.116.013292
PMC
PMC5347098
OpenAlex
W2601098001
Cited by
57
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4
FWCI
0.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Advances in Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Celiac Disease Research and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Eosinophilic Esophagitis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
Keywords
pediatric celiac disease, gluten-free diet adherence, nutritional status, micronutrient deficiency, cardiovascular risk factors, quality of life, disease complications, annual follow-up
MeSH terms
Blood Glucose, Cardiovascular Diseases, Celiac Disease, Child, Diet, Ferritins, Folic Acid, Humans, Cholesterol, LDL, Patient Compliance, Quality of Life, Risk Factors, Thyrotropin, Triglycerides, Nutrition Assessment, Comorbidity, Databases, Factual, Micronutrients

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