The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
mTORC1-Dependent Metabolic Reprogramming Is a Prerequisite for NK Cell Effector Function
Open accessAbstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a key regulator of cellular metabolism and also has fundamental roles in controlling immune responses. Emerging evidence suggests that these two functions of mTORC1 are integrally linked. However, little is known regarding mTORC1 function in controlling the metabolism and function of NK cells, lymphocytes that play key roles in antiviral and antitumor immunity. This study investigated the hypothesis that mTORC1-controlled metabolism underpins normal NK cell proinflammatory function. We demonstrate that mTORC1 is robustly stimulated in NK cells activated in vivo and in vitro. This mTORC1 activity is required for the production of the key NK cell effector molecules IFN-γ, which is important in delivering antimicrobial and immunoregulatory functions, and granzyme B, a critical component of NK cell cytotoxic granules. The data reveal that NK cells undergo dramatic metabolic reprogramming upon activation, upregulating rates of glucose uptake and glycolysis, and that mTORC1 activity is essential for attaining this elevated glycolytic state. Directly limiting the rate of glycolysis is sufficient to inhibit IFN-γ production and granzyme B expression. This study provides the highly novel insight that mTORC1-mediated metabolic reprogramming of NK cells is a prerequisite for the acquisition of normal effector functions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Innate or adaptive immunity? The example of natural killer cells
Vivier, E., Raulet, D. H., Moretta, A., Caligiuri, M. A., Zitvogel, L., Lanier, L. L., Yokoyama, W. M., & Ugolini, S. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1198687 · Cited by 2,824
Prolonged Rapamycin Treatment Inhibits mTORC2 Assembly and Akt/PKB
Sarbassov, D. D., Ali, S. M., Sengupta, S., Sheen, J.-H., Hsu, P. P., Bagley, A. F., Markhard, A. L., & Sabatini, D. M. (2006) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2006.03.029 · Cited by 2,365
Posttranscriptional Control of T Cell Effector Function by Aerobic Glycolysis
Chang, C.-H., Curtis, J. D., Maggi, L. B., Faubert, B., Villarino, A. V., O’Sullivan, D., Huang, S. C.-C., van der Windt, G. J. W., Blagih, J., Qiu, J., et al. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.016 · Cited by 2,204
The transcription factor Myc controls metabolic reprogramming upon T lymphocyte activation
Wang, R., Dillon, C. P., Shi, L. Z., Milasta, S., Carter, R., Finkelstein, D., McCormick, L. L., Fitzgerald, P., Chi, H., Munger, J., et al. (2011) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.09.021 · Cited by 2,140 · cited 1×
“Indeed, the metabolic changes described in this study to accompany NK cell activation are similar to those that occur in proinflammatory effector T cell subsets (2, 3, 26, 27).”
BackgroundMichalek, R. D., Gerriets, V. A., Jacobs, S. R., Macintyre, A. N., MacIver, N. J., Mason, E. F., Sullivan, S. A., Nichols, A. G., & Rathmell, J. C. (2011) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1003613 · Cited by 2,091
Shi, L. Z., Wang, R., Huang, G., Vogel, P., Neale, G., Green, D. R., & Chi, H. (2011) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20110278 · Cited by 1,803
Metabolic Pathways in Immune Cell Activation and Quiescence
Pearce, E. L., & Pearce, E. J. (2013) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2013.04.005 · Cited by 1,692
Hirayama, A., Kami, K., Sugimoto, M., Sugawara, M., Toki, N., Onozuka, H., Kinoshita, T., Saito, N., Ochiai, A., Tomita, M., et al. (2009) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-4806 · Cited by 956
Inhibiting glycolytic metabolism enhances CD8+ T cell memory and antitumor function
Sukumar, M., Liu, J., Ji, Y., Subramanian, M., Crompton, J. G., Yu, Z., Roychoudhuri, R., Palmer, D. C., Muranski, P., Karoly, E. D., et al. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci69589 · Cited by 952
Sinclair, L. V., Rolf, J., Emslie, E., Shi, Y.-B., Taylor, P. M., & Cantrell, D. A. (2013) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.2556 · Cited by 930
Cited by
A guide to immunometabolism for immunologists
O'Neill, L. A. J., Kishton, R. J., & Rathmell, J. (2016) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri.2016.70 · Cited by 3,315
Metabolic Reprogramming of Immune Cells in Cancer Progression
Biswas, S. K. (2015) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2015.09.001 · Cited by 721
Immunometabolism and natural killer cell responses
O’Brien, K. L., & Finlay, D. K. (2019) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0139-2 · Cited by 435
Self-citationSrebp-controlled glucose metabolism is essential for NK cell functional responses
Assmann, N., O'Brien, K. L., Donnelly, R. P., Dyck, L., Zaiatz-Bittencourt, V., Loftus, R. M., Heinrich, P., Oefner, P. J., Lynch, L., Gardiner, C. M., et al. (2017) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.3838 · Cited by 375
Self-citationMetabolism as a guiding force for immunity
Jung, J., Zeng, H., & Horng, T. (2019) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41556-018-0217-x · Cited by 346
Metadata
- Authors
- Donnelly, R. P., Loftus, R. M., Keating, S. E., Liou, K. T., Biron, C. A., Gardiner, C. M., & Finlay, D. K.
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2014-11-01
- Volume
- 193
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 4477-4484
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- OpenAlex
- W1663833839
- Cited by
- 485
- References
- 40
- FWCI
- 8.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: mTORC1-Dependent Metabolic Reprogramming Is a Prerequisite for NK Cell Effector Function. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.4049/jimmunol.1401558
- The paper
- Donnelly, R. P., Loftus, R. M., Keating, S. E., Liou, K. T., Biron, C. A., Gardiner, C. M., & Finlay, D. K. (2014). mTORC1-Dependent Metabolic Reprogramming Is a Prerequisite for NK Cell Effector Function. The Journal of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1401558
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
