The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Program Death-1 Engagement Upon TCR Activation Has Distinct Effects on Costimulation and Cytokine-Driven Proliferation: Attenuation of ICOS, IL-4, and IL-21, But Not CD28, IL-7, and IL-15 Responses
Abstract
The program death 1 (PD-1) receptor and its ligands, PD-1 ligand (PD-L)1 and PD-L2, define a novel regulatory pathway with potential inhibitory effects on T, B, and monocyte responses. In the present study, we show that human CD4+ T cells express PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 upon activation, and Abs to the receptor can be agonists or antagonists of the pathway. Under optimal conditions of stimulation, ICOS but not CD28 costimulation can be prevented by PD-1 engagement. IL-2 levels induced by costimulation are critical in determining the outcome of the PD-1 engagement. Thus, low to marginal IL-2 levels produced upon ICOS costimulation account for the greater sensitivity of this pathway to PD-1-mediated inhibition. Interestingly, exogenous IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15 but not IL-4 and IL-21 can rescue PD-1 inhibition, suggesting that among these cytokines only those that activate STAT5 can rescue PD-1 inhibition. As STAT5 has been implicated in the maintenance of IL-2Rα expression, these results suggest that IL-7 and IL-15 restore proliferation under conditions of PD-1 engagement by enhancing high-affinity IL-2R expression and hence, IL-2 responsiveness.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Tumor-associated B7-H1 promotes T-cell apoptosis: A potential mechanism of immune evasion
Dong, H., Strome, S. E., Salomao, D. R., Tamura, H., Hirano, F., Flies, D. B., Roche, P. C., Lu, J., Zhu, G., Tamada, K., et al. (2002) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm730 · Cited by 5,025
PD-L2 is a second ligand for PD-1 and inhibits T cell activation
Latchman, Y., Wood, C. R., Chernova, T., Chaudhary, D., Borde, M., Chernova, I., Iwai, Y., Long, A. J., Brown, J. A., Nunes, R., et al. (2001) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/85330 · Cited by 2,955
Self-citationNishimura, H., Nose, M., Hiai, H., Minato, N., & Honjo, T. (1999) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80089-8 · Cited by 2,749
Dong, H., Zhu, G., Tamada, K., & Chen, L. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/70932 · Cited by 2,496
CTLA-4: new insights into its biological function and use in tumor immunotherapy
Egen, J. G., Kuhns, M. S., & Allison, J. P. (2002) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni0702-611 · Cited by 940
Cited by
PD-1 and Its Ligands in Tolerance and Immunity
Keir, M. E., Butte, M. J., Freeman, G. J., & Sharpe, A. H. (2008) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.26.021607.090331 · Cited by 5,378
CTLA-4 and PD-1 Pathways: Similarities, Differences, and Implications of Their Inhibition
Buchbinder, E. I., & Desai, A. (2016) · American Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1097/coc.0000000000000239 · Cited by 2,360
“If a T cell experiences coincident TCR and PD-1 binding, PD-1-generated signals prevent phosphorylation of key TCR signaling intermediates, which terminates early TCR signaling and reduces activation of T cells.(10,21) PD-1 expression is a hallmark of “exhausted” T cells that have experienced high levels of stimulatio…”
BackgroundThe PD‐1 pathway in tolerance and autoimmunity
Francisco, L. M., Sage, P. T., & Sharpe, A. H. (2010) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.2010.00923.x · Cited by 2,300
CTLA-4 and PD-1 Receptors Inhibit T-Cell Activation by Distinct Mechanisms
Parry, R. V., Chemnitz, J. M., Frauwirth, K. A., Lanfranco, A. R., Braunstein, I., Kobayashi, S. V., Linsley, P. S., Thompson, C. B., & Riley, J. L. (2005) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.25.21.9543-9553.2005 · Cited by 1,931
T cell costimulatory receptor CD28 is a primary target for PD-1–mediated inhibition
Hui, E., Cheung, J., Zhu, J., Su, X., Taylor, M. J., Wallweber, H. A., Sasmal, D. K., Huang, J., Kim, J. M., Mellman, I., et al. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaf1292 · Cited by 1,689
“Current studies have suggested that PD-1 activation suppresses T cell receptor (TCR) signaling (21-23), CD28 costimulatory signaling (24), ICOS costimulatory signaling (25), or a combination of pathways.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Bennett, F., Luxenberg, D., Ling, V., Wang, I.-M., Marquette, K., Lowe, D., Khan, N., Veldman, G., Jacobs, K. A., Valge-Archer, V. E., Collins, M., & Carreno, B. M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2003-01
- Volume
- 170
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 711-718
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- OpenAlex
- W2144953100
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 4.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Program Death-1 Engagement Upon TCR Activation Has Distinct Effects on Costimulation and Cytokine-Driven Proliferation: Attenuation of ICOS, IL-4, and IL-21, But Not CD28, IL-7, and IL-15 Responses. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.4049/jimmunol.170.2.711
- The paper
- Bennett, F., Luxenberg, D., Ling, V., Wang, I.-M., Marquette, K., Lowe, D., Khan, N., Veldman, G., Jacobs, K. A., Valge-Archer, V. E., Collins, M., & Carreno, B. M. (2003). Program Death-1 Engagement Upon TCR Activation Has Distinct Effects on Costimulation and Cytokine-Driven Proliferation: Attenuation of ICOS, IL-4, and IL-21, But Not CD28, IL-7, and IL-15 Responses. The Journal of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.170.2.711
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.