Effect of a High Saturated Fat and No-Starch Diet on Serum Lipid Subfractions in Patients With Documented Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Abstract
Objective To determine whether a diet of high saturated fat and avoidance of starch (HSF-SA) results in weight loss without adverse effects on serum lipids in obese nondiabetic patients. Patients and methods Twenty-three patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease participated in a prospective 6-week trial at the Christiana Care Medical Center in Newark, Del, between August 2000 and September 2001. All patients were obese (mean +/- SD body mass index [BMI], 39.0+/-7.3 kg/m2) and had been treated with statins before entry in the trial. Fifteen obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (BMI, 36.1+/-9.7 kg/m2) and 8 obese patients with reactive hypoglycemia (BMI, 46.8+/-10 kg/m2) were monitored during an HSF-SA diet for 24 and 52 weeks, respectively, between 1997 and 2000. Results In patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, mean +/- SD total body weight (TBW) decreased 5.2%+/-2.5% (P<.001) as did body fat percentage (P=.02). Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis of lipids showed decreases in total triglycerides (P<.001), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) triglycerides (P<.001), VLDL size (P<.001), large VLDL concentration (P<.001), and medium VLDL concentration (P<.001). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and LDL concentrations were unchanged, but HDL size (P=.01) and LDL size (P=.02) increased. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome lost 14.3%+/-20.3% of TBW (P=.008) and patients with reactive hypoglycemia lost 19.9%+/-8.7% of TBW (P<.001) at 24 and 52 weeks, respectively, without adverse effects on serum lipids. Conclusion An HSF-SA diet results in weight loss after 6 weeks without adverse effects on serum lipid levels verified by nuclear magnetic resonance, and further weight loss with a lipid-neutral effect may persist for up to 52 weeks.
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In a high saturated fat, starch avoidant diet study, after 24 weeks, BMI, percent total body weight, and insulin concentrations were significantly reduced, with no differences in lipid profiles.
“After 24 weeks, BMI, percent total body weight, and insulin concentrations were significantly reduced, with no differences in lipid profiles.”
From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [77]
Studies that modified dietary patterns without a caloric deficit saw improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors.
“studies that modified dietary patterns without a caloric deficit [72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,87,108] saw improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors”
From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [77]
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References 30 · Cited by 50
- Authors
- Hays, J. H., DiSabatino, A., Gorman, R. T., Vincent, S., & Stillabower, M. E.
- Affiliations
- Christiana Care Health System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hays, James H.
- Venue
- Mayo Clinic Proceedings
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-11
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1331-1336
- ISSN
- 0025-6196 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2083593899
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Mayo Clinic Proceedings (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- high saturated fat diet, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, obesity, weight loss, polycystic ovary syndrome, reactive hypoglycemia, triglycerides, HDL size, LDL particle size, statin-treated patients, dietary fat restriction, lipid metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Carotid Artery Diseases, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemia, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Patient Compliance, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Prospective Studies, Weight Loss, Body Mass Index
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