The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The effect of beetroot juice Beta Vulgaris L. supplementation on ṼO2max of youth soccer athletes
Abstract
Soccer athletes’ performance is influenced by perfect ṼO2max. However, athletes often receive rigorous exercise without being supported by proper nutrition which can lead to oxidative stress. It is necessary to maintain performance by supplementing beetroot juice which contains betalains and inorganic nitrates so that oxidative stress can be controlled. This research is aimed to determine the effect of beetroot juice on the ṼO2max of soccer athletes. By using true experimental with randomized pre-test post-test control group design, 16 healthy males aged 16-19 years old were divided into two groups, treatment, and control. Data were analyzed by independent sample t-test and paired t-test. There is a significant difference in weight and body mass index (p0.05). There is no significant difference in age, height, pre-body fat, post-body fat, Δbody fat, nutrition intake, school hours, sleep hours, and physical exercise as well as ṼO2max before and after intervention (p0.05). There is a significant difference in ṼO2max change in both groups (p0.05). Thus, both beetroot juice and placebo significantly affected the increase of ṼO2max levels in soccer athletes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Similarly, a two-week intervention in soccer players (16–19 years) showed no VO2 max benefits compared to a control group. The mean ΔVO2 max was 3.13 ± 2.76 mL/kg/min in the beetroot juice group versus 4.43 ± 3.47 mL/kg/min in the control group, with no statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.42) [102].”
From Use of Nutritional Strategies, Bioactive Compounds, and Dietary Supplements in Young Athletes: From Evidence to Potential Risks—A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [102]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A Comprehensive Review of the Placebo Effect: Recent Advances and Current Thought
Price, D. D., Finniss, D. G., & Benedetti, F. (2008) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.59.113006.095941 · Cited by 1,146
Food sources of nitrates and nitrites: The physiologic context for potential health benefits
Hord, N. G., Tang, Y., & Bryan, N. S. (2009) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.27131 · Cited by 1,069
Lansley, K. E., Winyard, P. G., Fulford, J., Vanhatalo, A., Bailey, S. J., Blackwell, J. R., DiMenna, F. J., Gilchrist, M., Benjamin, N., & Jones, A. M. (2011) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01070.2010 · Cited by 404
Research works printed but not linked: 24
- Abdillah, Fauzi Trijunaidi, Saichudi, and I Nengah Sudjana. (2015). Survei Tingkat Kapasitas Oksigen Maksimal Atlet PORPROV Kota Batu 2015. Jurnal Sport Science, Vol. 4, No. 3, [130-140]
- Stolen, Tomas, Karim Chamari, Carlo Castagna, and Ulrik Wisloff. (2005). Physiology of Soccer an Update. Sports Med; 35 (6): 501-36 · DOI · Paper page
- Souza, Tacito Pessoa de, Paula Roberto de Oliveira, and Benedito Pereira. (2005). Physical Exercise and Oxidative Stress Effect of Intense Physical Exercise on The Urinary Chemiluminescence and Plasmatic Malondialdehyde. The Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte Vol. 11, No. 1 – Jan-Fev
- Atashak, S. and H. Sharafi. (2013). Plasma Malondialdehyde Response to Aerobic Exercise After T. polium Supplementation. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2013, 3(2): 499-502
- Kuzniak, Krajka V, Paluszczak, J., Szaefer, H., and Baer-Dubowska, W. (2013). Betanin, a Beetroot Component, Induces Nuclear Factor, Erythroid-2-related-factor, 2-mediated Expression of Detoxifying or Antioxidant Enzymes in Human Liver Cell Lines. British Journal Nutrition. 110, 2138–2149 · DOI
- Ormsbee, Michael J., Jon Lox, and Paul J Arciero. (2013). Beetroot Juice and Exercise Performance. Nutrition and Dietary Dovepress · DOI
- Wylie, Lee J., Lee J. Wylie, James Kelly, Stephen J. Bailey, Jamie R. Blackwell, Philip F. Skiba, Paul G. Winyard, Asker E. Jeukendrup, Anni Vanhatalo, and Andrew M. Jones. (2013). Beetroot Juice and Exercise: Pharmacodynamic and Dose-response Relationships. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2013;115(3): 325–336 · DOI · Paper page
- Kanner J., Harel S, and Granit R. (2001). Betalains – a New Class of Dietary Cationized Antioxidants. Journal Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 2001;49(11): 5178–5185 · DOI · Paper page
- Cermak, Naomi M., Martin J. Gibala, and Luc J.C. van Loon. (2012). Nitrate Supplementation’s Improvement of 10-km Time-trial Performance in Trained Cyclists. International Journal of Sport Nutrition, Exercise, and Metabolism. 2012;22(1): 64–71 · DOI · Paper page
- Pinna, Marco; Silvana Roberto, Raffaele Milia, Elisabetta Marongiu, Sergio Olla, Andrea Loi, Gian Mario Migliaccio, Johnny Padulo, Carmine Orlandi, Filippo Tocco, Alberto Concu, and Antonio Crisafulli. (2014). Effect of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Aerobic Response during Swimming. Nutrients, 6: 605-615 · DOI
- Sanrebayu, Aminuddin S., Wahiduddin, and Safruddin. (2020). The Effect of Beetroot (Beta Vulgaris) on Hemoglobin Levels and VO2max Atlet Value. South Asian Research Journal of Nursing and Healthcare, Vol. 2, Issue 1
- Sinaga, F.A., Rosmaini H., Marsal R., Deni R.M., Jumadin I.P., and Roni S. (2019). Pengaruh Pemberian Jus Bit (Beta Vulgaris L) selama Latihan terhadap Kadar Malondialdehide dan Status Antioksidan Atlet. Sains Olahraga: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keolahragaan, Vol. 3, No. 2, ISSN 2580-5150 · DOI
- Mirza Hapsari S.T.P.; M. Juffrie, Toto S., and Zaenal M. Sofro. (2017). Correlation Between Nutritional Status and Lifestyle for Youth Soccer Athlete Performance: A Cohort Study. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition. ISSN 1680-5194
- Laxmi C.C., Udaya IB, and Vinutha Shankar S. (2014). Effect of Body Mass Index on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Young Healthy Males. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publication, Vol. 4, Issue 2, February 2014 I ISSN 2250-3153
- Safa Anwar and Majumi M. Noohu. (2016). Correlation of Percentage Body Fat and Muscle Mass with Anaerobic and Aerobic Performance in Collegiate Soccer Players. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 60(2): 137–144
- Reilly T. and Thomas V. (1979). Estimated Daily Energy Expenditures of Professional Association Footballers. Ergonomics, 22: 541–548 · DOI
- Anderson L., Orme P., Naughton R.J., Close G.L., Milsom J., Rydings D., O’Boyle A., Di Michele R., Louis J., and Hambley C. (2017). Energy Intake and Expenditure of Professional Soccer Players of the English Premier League: Evidence of Carbohydrate Periodization. International Journal of Sport Nutrition, Exercise Metabolism. 1–25 · DOI
- Oliveira, César Chaves, Diogo Ferreira, Carlos Caetano, Diana Granja, Ricardo Pinto, Bruno Mendes, and Mónica Sousa. (2017). Nutrition and Supplementation in Soccer Sports, 5, 28 · DOI · Paper page
- Clark V.R., Hopkins W.G., Hawley J.A., and Burke L. (2000). Placebo Effect of Carbohydrate Feeding during a 40-km Cycling Time Trial. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise; 32: 1642-7 · DOI
- Foster C., Felker H., Porcari J.P., Mikat R., and Seebach E. (2004). The Placebo Effect on Exercise Performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, May; 36 Suppl. 5: S171 · DOI
- Porcari J.P., Otto J., Felker H., et al. (2006). The Placebo Effect on Exercise Performance. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Prevention, Jul/Aug; 26 (Pt 4): 269 · DOI
- Gutiérrez-Hellín, J., Ruiz-Moreno C., Aguilar-Navarro M., Muñoz A., Varillas-Delgado D., Amaro-Gahete F.J., Roberts, J.D., and Del Coso J. (2021). Placebo Effect of Caffeine on Substrate Oxidation during Exercise. Nutrients, 13, 782 · DOI
- Fillah F. Dieny, Deny Y.F., Binar P., and Iqlima S. (2017). Pengaruh Pemberian Sari Umbi Bit (Beta vulgaris) terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin dan Performa Atlet Sepak Bola. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia, 5 (2), 119-126 ISSN: 1858-4942 · DOI
- Astrand, Per-Olof, Kaare Rodahl, Hans A. Dahl, and Sigmund B. Strome. (2003). Textbook of Work Physiology, Physiological Bases of Exercise, Fourth Edition. Canada: Human Kinetics
Cited by
De Zan, D., Eletti, F., Fiore, G., Di Girolamo, E., Bozzini, G. G. M., Perico, V., Tosi, M., Norsa, L., Zuccotti, G., & Verduci, E. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17132194 · Cited by 11
Metadata
- Authors
- Adji, F. R., Sofro, Z. M., & Hapsari, M.
- Venue
- Journal of Public Health in Africa
- Publisher
- AOSIS
- Published
- 2022-12-07
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 5
- ISSN
- 2038-9930
- 2038-9922
- Cited by
- 2
- References
- 3
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The effect of beetroot juice Beta Vulgaris L. supplementation on ṼO2max of youth soccer athletes. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.4081/jphia.2022.2406
- The paper
- Adji, F. R., Sofro, Z. M., & Hapsari, M. (2022). The effect of beetroot juice Beta Vulgaris L. supplementation on ṼO2max of youth soccer athletes. Journal of Public Health in Africa. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphia.2022.2406
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
