Male hypogonadism: Symptoms and treatment
Open accessAbstract
Male hypogonadism is a condition in which the body does not produce enough of the testosterone hormone; the hormone that plays a key role in masculine growth and development during puberty. There is a clear need to increase the awareness of hypogonadism throughout the medical profession, especially in primary care physicians who are usually the first port of call for the patient. Hypogonadism can significantly reduce the quality of life and has resulted in the loss of livelihood and separation of couples, leading to divorce. It is also important for doctors to recognize that testosterone is not just a sex hormone. There is an important research being published to demonstrate that testosterone may have key actions on metabolism, on the vasculature, and on brain function, in addition to its well-known effects on bone and body composition. This article has been used as an introduction for the need to develop sensitive and reliable assays for sex hormones and for symptoms and treatment of hypogonadism.
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Hypogonadism can occur in males who have REDs, resulting in decreased levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormone.
“For instance, hypogonadism, defined as decreased function of the testes, can occur in males who have REDs, resulting in decreased levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormone [11].”
From Low Energy Availability and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
The Introduction defines male hypogonadism as reduced gonadal function with testosterone deficiency. The Classification section associates excessive physical activity and weight loss with hypogonadism, but the paper does not specifically discuss REDs or report decreased luteinizing hormone in males with REDs. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredHypogonadism symptoms such as a decrease in morning erections, decreased libido, and erectile dysfunction have been identified as possible symptoms of LEA in male athletes.
“Such a survey could replace questions about menstrual cycles with questions designed to identify symptoms of hypogonadism, such as a decrease in morning erections, decreased libido, and erectile dysfunction, as these have been identified as possible symptoms of LEA in male athletes [10][11].”
From Low Energy Availability and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
The Symptoms section identifies reduced libido and erectile dysfunction as symptoms of male hypogonadism. The Stress-induced Hypogonadism section associates excessive physical activity and weight loss with hypogonadism, but the paper does not identify decreased morning erections or establish these symptoms as indicators of low energy availability in male athletes. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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References 20 · Cited by 142
Research works printed but not linked: 17
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- Authors
- Kumar, P., Kumar, N., Thakur, D., & Patidar, A.
- Affiliations
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Kumar, Peeyush
- ORCID
- Kumar, Nitish
- Venue
- Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research
- Published
- 2010
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 297
- ISSN
- 0976-2094 (ISSN-L)
- 2231-4040
- PMC
- PMC3255409
- OpenAlex
- W2012210858
- Cited by
- 142
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 0.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology amp Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- male hypogonadism, androgen deficiency, testosterone replacement therapy, quality of life, primary care, bone health, body composition
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