Ideology and Politics

“(Seliger 1976, s 120).”

“Therefore, ideology is a circumstantially restricted conception of reality, and it is hardly relative~Seliger 1977; Brandist 1996!. Ideology comes into play when cultural meanings and the structuring of the social world run into trouble.”

“The second group, which Purvis and Hunt (1993) refer to as the sociological view and Seliger (1976) defines as an “inclusive conception,” portrays ideology as neutral, that is, as applying to all political belief systems rather than to specific oppressive systems.”

“Martin Seliger provides perhaps the most sophisticated attempt to avoid this third problem with a reified model of ideology (Seliger 1976).”

“…philosophers, and theories in political economy (e.g., Freeden et al., 2015; Heywood, 2022; Kymlicka, 2001; O’Neil, 2012; Sargent, 1996; Schwarzmantel, 2008), there are a few schools of thought that are practically applied and have a directly per-ceptible impact on the regulation of…”

“One way to combine the concerns of both Wolf (power and social order) and Geertz (strain and meaning) is to broaden the definition of ideology to something along the lines of "any kind of intersection between belief systems and political power" (Seliger 1976, cited in Eagleton 1991: 6).”

“…educators ’ socialization into and enactment of special education as a paternal, caring, protective, helping, and fi xing fi eld (Ferri 2009; Ware 2004) that is grounded in a medicalized knowledge base (Connor 2013) and how underlying white and non-disabled supremacy inherent in such…”

“All rights reserved. explain, and justify ends andmeans of organized social action (Seliger, 1976, p. 11).”

“The world of politics is markedly shaped by ideology (Awa, 1974; Friedrich, 1965; Loewenstein, 1953; Seliger, 1976), with a prevalent method of categorisation being left-centre-right (Ostrowski, 2023).”

“…belief system perspective as: … sets of ideas by which men [and women] posit, explain and justify ends and means of organised social action, and specifically political action, irrespective of whether such action aims to preserve, amend, uproot or rebuild a given social order (Seliger, 1976, p. 14).”

“Nevertheless, a particularly acerbic critique by Aslanidis (2016) demonstrated that populism clearly failed to meet the minimum qualification for an ideology as defined by Gerring (1997), Seliger (1976), and Sartori (1970): coherence.”

“The ability of lexical occurrences, in particular metaphoric uses, to project a system of semantic relations has the effect of creating a new semantics substituting the old meanings, or, as Lakoff and Johnson (1999, 1980) note, conceal new interpretations of the world and society. A direct correspondence between value…”

“…and stereotypes about others (Basic 2017, 2018; Basic and Delić 2018; Bellamy 2012; Brehm 2015; Delić and Basic 2024; Denich 1994; Des Forges 1995; Kalanj 2010; Malešević 2011; Marinković and Ristić 2013; Nussio 2017; Ravlić 2013; Sanín and Wood 2014; Schwarzmantel 2009; Vudli 2015; Waldorf 2009).”

“Ideologies can be abstract ideas and theories, and take the form of broad political movements engaged in popular mobilisation and the struggle for power (Seliger 1976; Althusser 2001).”

“Ideology, in its broadest sense, as Seliger (1976) argues, is ‘ sets of ideas by which men [sic] posit, explain and justify ends and means of organized social action, and speci fi cally political action, irrespective of whether such action aims to preserve, amend, uproot or rebuild a given social…”

“Generally, an ideology refers to a type of belief system (Seliger, 1976).”

“capitalism, the AGM, or alternative globalization movement, can rather be seen as a resistance movement of episodic protest*though, of course, evaluations of its significance differ considerably (Schwarzmantel 2008).”

“From this analytical perspective, PB would represent a very radical impact on the traditional idea of politics: it raises an alternative source of political power, which is no longer concentrated on a specific elite, but is fragmented and spread into multiple social spheres and actors which represent the contemporary…”

“Between inertia and transformation, ideational shifts and continuities can only be traced within actual processes of mobilisation and socio-political conflict (Schwarzmantel 2008).”

“First, it reflected a new aspect of social ontology and the retreat from grand narratives, including the political ideologies of liberalism, socialism and conservatism (Schwarzmantel 2008).”

“Marxist ideology (Mohanty 1990) and the rise of a number of interrelated crises – specifically, of trust in the Party, of faith in socialism, and of belief in Marxism (Domes 1990).”

“These were then analysed by ideology scholars in terms of their structure or types of beliefs they articulated (Seliger 1976; Soborski 2013).”

“An ‘ideology’ can be defined as a more or less coherent, systematic and consistent set of ideas and values that provide a basis for political action, whether this is intended to pressure, modify or overthrow the existing system of power relationships (Seliger, 1976; Heywood, 2007:45).”

“IDEOLOGICAL THRUSTS UNDERPINNING IMBIZO Ideology plays an important role in politics and governance (Seliger 1976).”

“An ideology also seems to be rooted in a systematic structure (Campbell et al., 1960; Lane, 1962) and is used by its holder to justify the use of power to enforce these shared ideologies (Hamilton, 1987; Lane, 1962; McClosky, 1964; Nettl, 1967; Rejai, 1991; Seliger, 1976).”

“Like many traditional accounts, then, our approach maintains that ideology differs from philosophy and science in that it serves no genuine ‘ cognitive purposes ’ (Seliger 2019 [1976], 14).”

“…and reconciliation if we do not connect these terms with the simultaneous actions of neoliberal and ethnoclerical and neo-fascist ideologies (Schwarzmantel, 2009; Ravlić, 2013; Basic et al., 2019; Basic & Delić accepted) that led in the 1990s not only to war but also after 1995 and the…”

“It is a way to define social order and evaluate it on the basis of some common criterion (Seliger, 1976).”

“The disjunction of power from constitutional democracy, for instance, becomes the basis for rejection toward sacred privilege endowed by kings [11].”

“from more ‘operational’ constructions associated with specific practices, aims and concrete groups of actors (Seliger, 1976).”

“Political scientists have long used the concept of ideology to study radical change in both policies and programs, including its antecedents, characteristics, and consequences (Mullins 1972 ; Seliger 2019 ).”

“According to Seliger, an ideology is a set of ideas by which men posit, explain and justify the ends and means of organized social action, irrespective of whether such action aims to preserve, amend, uproot or rebuild in a given social order (Seliger, 1976, p. 14).”

“D specification of preferences is needed (Poole and Rosenthal, 2012).”

“In the teleological world view of liberalism, ever marching on towards progress, religion represents a ‘reversal of the modernist Enlightenment project’, and something to avoid (Schwarzmantel, 2008, p. 121).”