The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Bureaucrats and Politicians in Western Democracies
Abstract
In uneasy partnership at the helm of the modern state stand elected party politicians and professional bureaucrats. This book is the first comprehensive comparison of these two powerful elites. In seven countries--the United States, Great Britain, France, Germany, Sweden, Italy, and the Netherlands--researchers questioned 700 bureaucrats and 6OO politicians in an effort to understand how their aims, attitudes, and ambitions differ within cultural settings. One of the authors' most significant findings is that the worlds of these two elites overlap much more in the United States than in Europe. But throughout the West bureaucrats and politicians each wear special blinders and each have special virtues. In a well-ordered polity, the authors conclude, politicians articulate society's dreams and bureaucrats bring them gingerly to earth
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This position will allow them to play the role envisaged by Aberbach et al. ' s (1981) Image III in which civil servants ' role is to maintain equilibrium between societal interests on the one hand and politicians on the other hand.”
From The Guardian State: Strengthening the public service against democratic backsliding (2024) · cites this paper as Aberbach et al.'s (1981)
Citations
Cites
Still being checked.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Introduction: epistemic communities and international policy coordination
Haas, P. M. (1992) · International Organization · doi:10.1017/s0020818300001442 · Cited by 7,891
Process Tracing and Elite Interviewing: A Case for Non-probability Sampling
Tansey, O. (2007) · PS Political Science & Politics · doi:10.1017/s1049096507071211 · Cited by 1,034
The Merit of Meritocratization
Dahlström, C., Lapuente, V., & Teorell, J. (2011) · Political Research Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1065912911408109 · Cited by 558
Evaluating the Advocacy Coalition Framework
Jenkins‐Smith, H. C., & Sabatier, P. (1994) · Journal of Public Policy · doi:10.1017/s0143814x00007431 · Cited by 474
Thomassen, J., Klingemann, H.-D., & Fuchs, D. (1998) · doi:10.1093/0198294735.001.0001 · Cited by 412
Women's legislative participation in western Europe
Norris, P. (1985) · West European Politics · doi:10.1080/01402388508424556 · Cited by 401
Flanagan, S. C., & Lee, A.-R. (2003) · Comparative Political Studies · doi:10.1177/0010414002250664 · Cited by 396
Wong, W., & Welch, E. W. (2004) · Governance · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.2004.00246.x · Cited by 390
Policy Networks, Policy Communities and the Problems of Governance
ATKINSON, M. M., & Coleman, W. D. (1992) · Governance · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1992.tb00034.x · Cited by 379
Dynamics of Public Sector Accountability in an Era of Reform
Romzek, B. S. (2000) · International Review of Administrative Sciences · doi:10.1177/0020852300661004 · Cited by 348
The European Commission and the Integration of Europe
Hooghe, L. (2002) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511491979 · Cited by 309
Organizational Capability in the Public Sector: A Configurational Approach
Andrews, R., Beynon, M. J., & McDermott, A. M. (2015) · Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory · doi:10.1093/jopart/muv005 · Cited by 291
Sheffer, L., Loewen, P. J., Soroka, S., Walgrave, S., & Sheafer, T. (2017) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055417000569 · Cited by 261
Executive Power of the European Union
Curtin, D. M. (2009) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199264087.001.0001 · Cited by 248
Self-Interest and Public Interest in Western Politics
Lewin, L. (1991) · doi:10.1093/0198277253.001.0001 · Cited by 236
European integration and national executives: A cause in search of an effect?
Goetz, K. H. (2000) · West European Politics · doi:10.1080/01402380008425406 · Cited by 233
Roles, Rules, and Rationality in the New Institutionalism
Searing, D. D. (1991) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1963944 · Cited by 228
An Emergent European Executive Order
Trondal, J. (2010) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199579426.001.0001 · Cited by 226
EMERGING ISSUES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Hood, C. (1995) · Public Administration · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9299.1995.tb00822.x · Cited by 221
Lawless, J. L., & Fox, R. L. (2001) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511790898 · Cited by 218
Separated Powers in the United States: The Ideology of Agencies, Presidents, and Congress
Clinton, J. D., Bertelli, A. M., Grose, C. R., Lewis, D. E., & Nixon, D. C. (2011) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00559.x · Cited by 220
Baumgartner, F. R. (2012) · Governance · doi:10.1111/gove.12007 · Cited by 226
International bureaucracies and their influence on policy-making: a review of empirical evidence
Eckhard, S., & Ege, J. (2016) · Journal of European Public Policy · doi:10.1080/13501763.2016.1162837 · Cited by 205
‘If Only More Candidates Came Forward’: Supply-Side Explanations of Candidate Selection in Britain
Norris, P., & Lovenduski, J. (1993) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123400006657 · Cited by 204
Supranational Activists or Intergovernmental Agents?
Hooghe, L. (1999) · Comparative Political Studies · doi:10.1177/0010414099032004002 · Cited by 203
Electoral Structures and Pork Barrel Politics
Lancaster, T. D. (1986) · International Political Science Review · doi:10.1177/019251218600700107 · Cited by 200
Confidence in Political and Private Institutions
Listhaug, O., & Wiberg, M. (1998) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0198294735.003.0010 · Cited by 203
Schmitt, H., & Holmberg, S. (1998) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0198294735.003.0004 · Cited by 199
Ensuring political responsiveness: politicization mechanisms in ministerial bureaucracies
Hustedt, T., & Salomonsen, H. H. (2014) · International Review of Administrative Sciences · doi:10.1177/0020852314533449 · Cited by 197
Mayntz, R., & Derlien, H. (1989) · Governance · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1989.tb00099.x · Cited by 194
Support for the Democratic System
Fuchs, D., Guidorossi, G., & Svensson, P. (1998) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0198294735.003.0011 · Cited by 185
Female Candidates and Legislators
Lawless, J. L. (2015) · Annual Review of Political Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-020614-094613 · Cited by 191
Krause, G. A., Lewis, D. E., & Douglas, J. W. B. (2006) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00215.x · Cited by 180
(2003) · doi:10.1093/0199264996.001.0001 · Cited by 184
Liguori, M., Sicilia, M., & Steccolini, I. (2012) · Public Management Review · doi:10.1080/14719037.2011.650054 · Cited by 157
State, administration and governance in Germany: competing traditions and dominant narratives
Jann, W. (2003) · Public Administration · doi:10.1111/1467-9299.00338 · Cited by 157
PUBLIC VALUE AND POLITICAL ASTUTENESS IN THE WORK OF PUBLIC MANAGERS: THE ART OF THE POSSIBLE
Hartley, J. F., Alford, J., Hughes, O. E., & Yates, S. (2014) · Public Administration · doi:10.1111/padm.12125 · Cited by 156
Electoral Institutions and Party Cohesion in the Russian Duma
Haspel, M., Remington, T. F., & Smith, S. S. (1998) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.2307/2647916 · Cited by 154
Mudde, C. (2021) · Government and Opposition · doi:10.1017/gov.2021.15 · Cited by 159
Welch, E. W., & Wong, W. (2001) · Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a003513 · Cited by 142
Bell, E., Ter-Mkrtchyan, A. V., Wehde, W. W., & Smith, K. (2020) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.1111/puar.13311 · Cited by 142
Metze, T. A. P., Colebatch, H. K., Hoppe, R., & Noordegraaf, M. (2010) · Amsterdam University Press eBooks · doi:10.5117/9789089642530 · Cited by 140
EU-level agencies: new executive centre formation or vehicles for national control?
Egeberg, M., & Trondal, J. (2011) · Journal of European Public Policy · doi:10.1080/13501763.2011.593314 · Cited by 133
Optimal Dissent in Organizations
Landier, A., Sraer, D. A., & Thesmar, D. (2009) · The Review of Economic Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-937x.2009.00544.x · Cited by 130
A New Look at Comparative Public Administration: Trends in Research and an Agenda for the Future
Fitzpatrick, J. L., Goggin, M. L., Heikkila, T., Klingner, D. E., Machado, J., & Martell, C. R. (2011) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2011.02432.x · Cited by 131
The Politicization of Regulatory Agencies: Between Partisan Influence and Formal Independence
Ennser‐Jedenastik, L. (2015) · Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory · doi:10.1093/jopart/muv022 · Cited by 127
van der Wal, Z. (2020) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.1111/puar.13245 · Cited by 143
Hollibaugh, G. E., Horton, G., & Lewis, D. E. (2014) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12083 · Cited by 125
Rohrschneider, R. (1994) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/2082717 · Cited by 124
5 Public Administration and Organization Studies
Kelman, S. J. (2007) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.1080/078559810 · Cited by 122
Svara, J. H. (2006) · International Journal of Public Administration · doi:10.1080/01900690600854555 · Cited by 121
Hall, P. A. (1983) · The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · doi:10.1177/0002716283466001003 · Cited by 118
Meyer‐Sahling, J., & Veen, T. (2012) · East European Politics · doi:10.1080/13523279.2011.635651 · Cited by 117
Bureaucrats and Politicians in Policymaking: The Case of Japan
Muramatsu, M., & Krauss, E. S. (1984) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1961253 · Cited by 117
Presidential Appointments and Personnel
Lewis, D. E. (2011) · Annual Review of Political Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-042009-121225 · Cited by 116
Into the Purple Zone: Deconstructing the Politics/Administration Distinction
Alford, J., Hartley, J. F., Yates, S., & Hughes, O. E. (2016) · The American Review of Public Administration · doi:10.1177/0275074016638481 · Cited by 126
Bureaucratic influence and administrative styles in international organizations
Knill, C., Bayerlein, L., Enkler, J., & Grohs, S. (2018) · The Review of International Organizations · doi:10.1007/s11558-018-9303-x · Cited by 114
Beyond Electoral Participation
Topf, R. (1998) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0198294735.003.0003 · Cited by 114
Huber, J. D. (1998) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/2585482 · Cited by 113
The Guardian State: Strengthening the public service against democratic backsliding
Yesilkagit, K., Bauer, M., Peters, B. G., & Pierre, J. (2024) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.1111/puar.13808 · Cited by 112
Mitigating systemic dangers: the role of connectivity inducers in a deliberative system
Mendonça, R. F. (2016) · Critical Policy Studies · doi:10.1080/19460171.2016.1165127 · Cited by 108
The ‘political’ roles of the European Commission
Nugent, N., & Rhinard, M. (2019) · Journal of European Integration · doi:10.1080/07036337.2019.1572135 · Cited by 107
Potential for comparative public opinion research in public administration
Bouckaert, G., de Walle, S. V., & Kampen, J. K. (2005) · International Review of Administrative Sciences · doi:10.1177/0020852305053882 · Cited by 107
Bayerlein, L., Knill, C., & Steinebach, Y. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108864671 · Cited by 106
Associations in the Embrace of an Authoritarian State: State Domination of Society?
Foster, K. W. (2001) · Studies in Comparative International Development · doi:10.1007/bf02732709 · Cited by 103
de Graaf, G., & Paanakker, H. L. (2014) · The American Review of Public Administration · doi:10.1177/0275074014529361 · Cited by 116
Policy Entrepreneurship at the Street Level
Cohen, N. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108864299 · Cited by 99
The Captive or the Broker? Explaining Public Agency–Interest Group Interactions
Braun, C. (2012) · Governance · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.2012.01567.x · Cited by 100
Bendor, J. B. (1988) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123400005160 · Cited by 97
Formal Theory and the Institutions of Governance
Hammond, T. H. (1996) · Governance · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1996.tb00237.x · Cited by 98
Image IV Revisited: Executive and Political Roles
Aberbach, J. D., & Rockman, B. A. (1988) · Governance · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1988.tb00057.x · Cited by 94
Self-citationMinisters and Top Officials in the Dutch Core Executive: Living Together, Growing Apart?
Hart, P. ‘., & Wille, A. (2006) · Public Administration · doi:10.1111/j.0033-3298.2006.00496.x · Cited by 94
Li, C., & White, L. (1990) · The China Quarterly · doi:10.1017/s0305741000013497 · Cited by 94
Jacobsen, D. I. (2006) · Governance · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.2006.00316.x · Cited by 91
Katz, R. S. (1997) · European Journal of Political Research · doi:10.1023/a:1006820018816 · Cited by 91
Rethinking the policy influence of experts: From general characterizations to analysis of variation
Brint, S. (1990) · Sociological Forum · doi:10.1007/bf01115092 · Cited by 91
Kaase, M. (1983) · Schriften des Zentralinstituts für Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung der Freien Universität Berlin · doi:10.1007/978-3-322-86405-5_7 · Cited by 90
New Forms of Democracy? Reform and Transformation of Democratic Institutions
(2003) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0199264996.003.0001 · Cited by 89
Leadership and Politics: A Case for a Closer Relationship?
Peele, G. (2005) · Leadership · doi:10.1177/1742715005051858 · Cited by 87
The Role of Public Agencies in the Policy Making Process
Verschuere, B. (2008) · Public Policy and Administration · doi:10.1177/0952076708097907 · Cited by 86
European Parliament and Interest Groups
Weßels, B. (1999) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0198296606.003.0006 · Cited by 86
The Old Ways are the Best? The Durability and Usefulness of Bureaucracy in Public Sector Management
Schofield, J. (2001) · Organization · doi:10.1177/135050840181005 · Cited by 87
Mandarins or Managers? The Bureaucratic Elite in Bonn, 1970 to 1987 and Beyond
Derlien, H. (2003) · Governance · doi:10.1111/1468-0491.00222 · Cited by 85
Where’s the “Up” in Bottom-Up Reform?
Honig, M. I. (2004) · Educational Policy · doi:10.1177/0895904804266640 · Cited by 85
Forms of Capital and Modes of Closure in Upper Class Reproduction
Flemmen, M., Toft, M., Andersen, P. L., Hansen, M. N., & Ljunggren, J. (2017) · Sociology · doi:10.1177/0038038517706325 · Cited by 86
Satō, H. (1999) · Policy Studies Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1541-0072.1999.tb01951.x · Cited by 83
Ventures in public value management: introduction to the symposium
Alford, J., Douglas, S., Geuijen, K., & Hart, P. ‘. (2016) · Public Management Review · doi:10.1080/14719037.2016.1192160 · Cited by 94
Europeanization and the Persistence of Administrative Systems
Page, E. C. (2003) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0199250154.003.0010 · Cited by 83
Process Tracing and Elite Interviewing: A Case for Non-probability Sampling
Tansey, O. (2009) · VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-531-91826-6_24 · Cited by 82
Citizens and the State: A Changing Relationship?
Fuchs, D., & Klingemann, H. (1998) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0198294735.003.0001 · Cited by 81
The Compound Machinery of Government: The Case of Seconded Officials in the European Commission
Trondal, J., van den Berg, C. F., & Suvarierol, S. (2008) · Governance · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.2008.00398.x · Cited by 79
Converging administrative systems: Recruitment and training in EU member states
Burnham, J., & Maor, M. H. (1995) · Journal of European Public Policy · doi:10.1080/13501769508406982 · Cited by 79
Verzichelli, L., Lengyel, G., & Best, H. (2012) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199602315.001.0001 · Cited by 80
Staroňová, K., & Rybář, M. (2020) · Administration & Society · doi:10.1177/0095399720956996 · Cited by 77
The Politics/Administration Dichotomy: Death or Merely Change?
CAMPBELL, C., & Peters, B. G. (1988) · Governance · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1988.tb00060.x · Cited by 77
Raffler, P. (2022) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055422000181 · Cited by 77
Politicization within the European Commission’s bureaucracy
Bauer, M. W., & Ege, J. (2012) · International Review of Administrative Sciences · doi:10.1177/0020852312445022 · Cited by 76
Bureaucratic dilemmas: Civil servants between political responsiveness and normative constraints
Christensen, J. G., & Opstrup, N. (2017) · Governance · doi:10.1111/gove.12312 · Cited by 75
Stacking the Deck: Bureaucratic Missions and Policy Design
Bendor, J. B., Taylor, S., & Gaalen, R. V. (1987) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1962681 · Cited by 75
Citizens and the State: A Relationship Transformed
Fuchs, D., & Klingemann, H. (1998) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0198294735.003.0014 · Cited by 75
Metadata
- Authors
- Aberbach, J. D., Putnam, R. D., & Rockman, B. A.
- Venue
- Harvard University Press eBooks
- Publisher
- Harvard University Press
- Published
- 1981-12-31
- OpenAlex
- W4213436370
- Cited by
- 1,157
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 50
- FWCI
- 25.50
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Harvard University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Public Administration and Governance
- Social Sciences › Public Administration › Public Policy and Administration Research
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Public Administration and Political Analysis
- Keywords
- bureaucrats, politicians, political culture, civil service, party politics, elite attitudes, United States, Great Britain, France, Germany, Sweden, Italy, Netherlands, Western democracies
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review