The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 8 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review
Open accessAbstract
Hazing is a serious social problem. It wasted not only the lives of future and promising leaders of society but also their aspirations for their families. The study is an evaluation of the implementation of the Anti-Hazing Law. 80 Student Organization Members and Officers (SOMO) and 20 Student Affairs Professionals (SAP) from four (4) universities in Nueva Ecija, Philippines are interviewed. From the point of view of the respondents, five (5) variables related to the implementation of the antihazing law are measured using measure of central tendency and percentile ranking. They are: a) monitoring of organizational meeting; b) monitoring of student organization activities; c) accreditation and recognition of student organizations; d) university initiative on resolving organizational conflicts and e) involvement of alumni and parents in student organizations program for development. The findings showed that SOMO and SAP rated sometimes in the first variable and often on the second and third variables; sometimes on the last two variables. Both the SOMO and SAP exhibited "awareness" on the anti-hazing law. In view of the findings of the study, a clear and comprehensive anti-hazing prevention policy and education campaign among SOMO is recommended.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This paper evaluates how RA 8049, the Philippine Anti-Hazing Law, is understood and implemented in four higher education institutions in Nueva Ecija, using surveys and interviews with 80 student organization members/officers and 20 student affairs professionals. It finds partial compliance and awareness gaps, with hazing-related pre-membership experiences still reported, and recommends stronger prevention policy and education rather than amending the law.
Key findings
- Among 80 SOMO, 309 “yes” responses indicated exposure to pre-membership situations described as psychological, physical, social humiliation, or emotional tests under RA 8049, versus 843 “no” responses; this suggested some organizations violated the law.
- Grand weighted means from Table 6: SOMO rated monitoring of meetings 3.26 (sometimes), recognition/accreditation 3.54 (often), monitoring of activities 3.59 (often), dispute resolution 3.31 (sometimes), parent participation 3.10 (sometimes), and awareness 2.92 (aware). SAP rated meetings 3.27 (sometimes), recognition 4.18 (often), activities 3.85 (often), disputes 3.54 (sometimes), parents 3.20 (sometimes), and awareness 2.78 (aware).
- Profile: 14% of SOMO were below 18 (11 respondents), 86% were 18 or older; 60% were female and 40% male; 80% belonged to interest groups and 20% to fraternities/sororities. SAP were 60% male and 40% female, and 75% had served between 1 and 10 years.
- Only one of four universities recognized a Greek-lettered organization; non-recognition was linked to fraternities/sororities operating outside monitoring, increasing hazing risk during recruitment and initiation. Conclusions state that student organizations did not fully comply with RA 8049, SAP were not fully conscious of its importance, and SOMO had low awareness.
Methods
- Descriptive policy evaluation of RA 8049 in four Nueva Ecija universities: Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Central Luzon State University, Araullo-Phinma Education Network, and Wesleyan University-Philippines.
- Purposive sample of 80 SOMO (member/officer at least two years, currently enrolled, consenting, active in past six months) and 20 SAP. Data came from a pre-tested survey questionnaire covering profile, pre-membership experiences, five institutional policy dimensions, and awareness, plus FGD, observation, documentary analysis, and interviews.
- Analysis used percentile and measures of central tendency/frequency distribution, framed by a systems/policy process model.
Limitations
- Stated: local literature on hazing is scarce; sensitivity, secrecy and silence among student organizations, inaccessible records except court files, and a masculine culture make the topic hard to study. The authors also acknowledge insufficiency of data in their thanks to student affairs officers.
- Evident: purposive sampling of four universities and 100 total respondents, plus reliance on self-reported perceptions, limits generalizability. Some reported table values and verbal labels are inconsistent across tables, which complicates precise interpretation.
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Claims the paper makes
21 Own result · 9 Own interpretation · 8 Sources not found · 1 Own method
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“eleven (11) of the respondents are minors but are already active members of organizations.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.1. Profile of Respondents
plainn = 11- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“On university's involvement in resolving conflict, an overall weighted mean of 3.31 or”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Student Handbook of the respondent schools prevent students at age of minority, to enter any type of student organization.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.1. Profile of Respondents
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The accumulated total of 309”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.3. On Pre-Membership Experiences
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“organizational meeting and assembly had an overall weighted mean of 3.46 or”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As to monitoring of student activities, 3.29 or”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“On recognition and accreditation of student organization, a weighted mean of 3.54 or”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Only one among the four (4) universities recognizes the existence of Geek lettered association.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
plainn = 4- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Eleven (11) or 14% of the respondents are below age of majority of 18 years old.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.1. Profile of Respondents
plainn = 11- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“On participation of alumni and parents, an overall weighted mean of 3.1 or”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Probably not a substantial claim. 7
- It may state two separate claims as one. 13
- The quote only partly states this claim. 3
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Majority of the members are female (60%) while the remaining 40% belong to female gender.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.1. Profile of Respondents
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“having a pair of weighted mean scores of 3.26 and 3.27 respectively.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one. The quote only partly states this claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The respondents are also aware of the implementation of RA 8049.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“university 4 has the highest degree of implementation observance of institutional policies on hazing in relation to CHED Memorandum Circular Number 4 series of 2014; having all the responses as”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The weighted mean scores are 3.54 and 4.18 respectively.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one. The quote only partly states this claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Only twenty percent (20%) are members of fraternity and sorority.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.1. Profile of Respondents
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one. The quote only partly states this claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A weighted mean of 3.1 for the student affairs professionals and 3.2 for student organizations and members suggest that both the parents and the university as stakeholders to the development of students were”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“On the level of student awareness on RA 8049; the respondents revealed low level of awareness corresponding to a weighted mean of 2.92 or”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“On the part of SOMO, university 2 has the lowest compliance level in terms of monitoring of organizational meeting while university 1 provides the highest level of compliance on monitoring of meeting and student membership.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Thus, treating hazing as a concern only of Greek-letter organizations in post secondary schools would make the problem worse [13].”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 1.2. Filling the Gap in Knowledge
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [13] 13. Mariano, A.M. (2006) Principles and Methods of Research. Rex Bookstore Incorporation, St. Manila.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedgedstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Republic Act 8049 has two main intentions to wit; a) to declare the act of hazing as mala prohibita [2]; b) to regulate the practice of initiation rites among student organizations, fraternities, sororities and military training establishments.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 1.1. Background and Its Setting
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [2] 2. Reyes, L.B. (2011) The Revised Penal Code of the Philippines. Rex Bookstore, Manila.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Non recognition of Greek Lettered Society is in effect, a violation of their right to self-organization”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) issued Memo Number 4 series of 1995 imposing stiffer penalty upon student organization members proved to commit hazing and other forms of violence in campus.It also mandated the Higher Education Institutions (HEI) to assume full responsibility and the duty to monitor student organizations and their activities [6].”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 1.1. Background and Its Setting
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [6] 6. Perkins, A. and Zimerman, D. (2011) Changing Trends in the Undergraduate Fraternity/ Sorority Experiences: An Evaluative and Analytical Literature Review. Oracle, 6, 57-73.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The study believes that neither of the two is necessary.What is needed is an effective implementation.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Effective implementation determines the effectiveness of a public policy.
- Rests on an assumption: When implementation of public policy lies on the discretion of implementing authority, it tends to make an otherwise effective policy into useless codification.
In the paper
“According to Arnold Jr. of Tennessee State University [12], the level of awareness of student affairs personnel and their attitudes toward hazing are important factors to solve this social problem.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 1.2. Filling the Gap in Knowledge
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [12] 12. nold,+J.C.+(1995)+Alcohol+and+the+Chosen+Few:+Organizational+Reproduction+in+an +Addictive+System.+Unpublished+Doctoral+Dissertation.&source=bl&ots=YSumLd6HvT &sig=66evk3VPYj7_uKNZMy4MZQeVkrw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiVjIXxjqzQAhX Di5QKHV6JBk0Q6AEIGzAA#v=onepage&q=Arnold%2C%20J.C.%20(1995)%20Alcohol% 20and%20the%20Chosen%20Few%3A%20Organizational%20Reproduction%20in%20an% 20Addictive%20System.%20Unpublished%20Doctoral%20Dissertation.&f=false
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“After pre-testing the instrument for validity, survey questionnaires were distributed to the different universities in Nueva Ecija.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 2.1. Research Design
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This implies that in some other universities, they operate beyond the monitoring of the administrators.Thus, it provides greater chances of committing hazing during recruitment and initiation rites.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.4. Observance of Institutional Policies to Prevent Hazing
hedgedstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Studies also showed that hazing takes place not only in Greek-letter society but also in military organization, high school clubs, society and even among professional organizations [14].”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 1.2. Filling the Gap in Knowledge
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [14] 14. Hill, M. (1997) The Policy Process: A Reader. Prentice Hall, Hemel Hempstead. Submit or recommend next manuscript to OALib Journal and we will provide best service for you:
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A statement the paper makes itself — it cites no source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There is a dearth of local literature on hazing.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 1.2. Filling the Gap in Knowledge
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
The paper relies on this without support.
Hazing is a serious social problem that harms future leaders and their families' aspirations.
“Hazing is a serious social problem.It wasted not only the lives of future and promising leaders of society but also their aspirations for their families.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The five institutional policies measured are necessary to prevent hazing.
“the observance of the 5 variables necessary to prevent hazing”
The paper relies on this without support.
The respondents' perceptions accurately reflect the degree of implementation of RA 8049.
“From the point of view of the respondents, five (5) variables related to the implementation of the antihazing law are measured using measure of central tendency and percentile ranking.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Effective implementation determines the effectiveness of a public policy.
“It is argued that the effectiveness of a public policy rests on effective implementation.”
The paper relies on this without support.
When implementation of public policy lies on the discretion of implementing authority, it tends to make an otherwise effective policy into useless codification.
“But when the implementation of public policy lies on the discretion of implementing authority, it tends to make an otherwise effective policy into a useless codification of legal principles.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The purposive sample of 80 SOMO and 20 SAP from four universities is adequate to evaluate RA 8049 implementation in the selected higher education institutions.
“Purposive sampling method was use to select 80 Student Organization Officers and Members (SOMO) from different universities and 20 Student Affairs Professionals (SAP).”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated major: it would touch a result — a value a result rests on, reported and recomputed p-values on opposite sides of the significance level, two passages that conflict with no sign which is right, or a cited work retracted before this paper was published.
In the paper
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
“| G O WM | 3.27 | Sometimes 3.85 | Often | 4.18 | Often | 3.54 | Sometimes | 3.2 | Sometimes | 2.92 | Aware | |”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
“| f. Level of Awareness on RA 8049 | 2.92 | Aware | 2.78 | Aware |”
Rated major: it would touch a result — a value a result rests on, reported and recomputed p-values on opposite sides of the significance level, two passages that conflict with no sign which is right, or a cited work retracted before this paper was published.
In the paper
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
“| c. Monitoring of organization activities) | 3.59 | Often | 3.85 | Often |”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
“| GOWM | 3.46 | Often | 3.29 | Sometimes | 3.54 | Often | 3.31 | Sometimes | 3.1 | Sometimes | 2.92 | Aware |”
Rated major: it would touch a result — a value a result rests on, reported and recomputed p-values on opposite sides of the significance level, two passages that conflict with no sign which is right, or a cited work retracted before this paper was published.
In the paper
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
“| f. Level of Awareness on RA 8049 | 2.92 | Aware | 2.78 | Aware |”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
“| G O WM | 3.27 | Sometimes 3.85 | Often | 4.18 | Often | 3.54 | Sometimes | 3.2 | Sometimes | 2.92 | Aware | |”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
“| a. Monitoring (organization meetings) | 3.26 | Sometimes | 3.27 | Sometimes |”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
“| GOWM | 3.46 | Often | 3.29 | Sometimes | 3.54 | Often | 3.31 | Sometimes | 3.1 | Sometimes | 2.92 | Aware |”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > Abstract
“The findings showed that SOMO and SAP rated sometimes in the first variable and often on the second and third variables; sometimes on the last two variables.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
“| GOWM | 3.46 | Often | 3.29 | Sometimes | 3.54 | Often | 3.31 | Sometimes | 3.1 | Sometimes | 2.92 | Aware |”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 4.1. Profile of Respondents
“Majority of the members are female (60%) while the remaining 40% belong to female gender.”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
“| | 14% | 86% | 40% | 60% | 80% | 20% |”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“| 30 and below | 31 -40 | 41 -50 | Male | Female | 1 -5 | 6 -10 11 -15 15 -20 | | | | 35% | 45% | 20% | 60% | 40% | 25% | 50% | 25% | 25% | | 7 | 9 | 4 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 0 |”
§ Revisiting the Anti-Hazing Law in Selected Higher Education Institutions in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Policy Review > 5. Conclusions
Reported 25 · recomputed 0
Citations
Cites
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An introduction to public international law
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Research works printed but not linked: 5
- [5]5. The 1987 Philippine Constitution .Official Gazzette, Office of the President Republic of the OALib Journal Philippines.
- [6]6. Perkins, A. and Zimerman, D. (2011) Changing Trends in the Undergraduate Fraternity/ Sorority Experiences: An Evaluative and Analytical Literature Review. Oracle, 6, 57-73.
- [7]7. Zacharda, C.S. (2009) How Peer Leadership Impacts Hazing in the Arena of Non Revenue Income Generating College Athletics. Unpublished Masters Degree Thesis, Rossier Educa- tion, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
- [9]9. Arnold Jr., W. (2005) A Comparison of Hazing Attitudes in Student Affairs Professionals at Selected Historically Black Learning Institutions of Higher Education in Tennessee Univer- sity. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation.
- [11]11. Arnold, J.C. (1995) Alcohol and the Chosen Few: Organizational Reproduction in an Ad- dictive System. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=GqA8LUTFs6EC&pg=PA177&lpg=PA177&dq=Ar
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Power dressed in black: A comprehensive review on academic hazing
Fávero, M., Pinto, S., Campo, A. D., Moreira, D., & Sousa-Gomes, V. (2020) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2020.101462 · Cited by 3
(2017) · doi:10.4236/oalib.1103328 · Cited by 5
Self-citationBawan, O. M., Pascual, M. P., & Gabriel, A. G. (2017) · Open Journal of Social Sciences · doi:10.4236/jss.2017.512009 · Cited by 1
Self-citationHarmony in Educational Institution: Management-Employee Union’s Shared Responsibility
(2019) · doi:10.5296/jpag.v9i1.14217
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Gabriel, A. G., & Mangahas, T. L.
- Affiliations
- Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology (PH)
- ORCID
- Gabriel, Arneil G.
- Venue
- OALib
- Publisher
- Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 03
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1-11
- ISSN
- 2333-9705 (ISSN-L)
- 2333-9721
- OpenAlex
- W2549065374
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 2.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- OALib (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Social Sciences › Law › Legal Issues in Education
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Workplace Violence and Bullying
- Keywords
- hazing, student organizations, student affairs professionals, law implementation, conflict resolution, higher education institutions, Nueva Ecija
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