High prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections in native Amazonian populations.
Abstract
The epidemiology of malaria in 2 riverine localities in Rondĵnia, Brazilian western Amazĵnia, was assessed by a 1-year study at Portuchuelo, and a cross-sectional survey at riverine communities at Rio Machado (= Ji-Parana). Plasmodium spp. infections were diagnosed by light microscopy and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of ribosomal DNA. PCR was 6-7 times more efficient than microscopy for detecting plasmodial infections. Both Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections occurred as asymptomatic and symptomatic forms of the disease. The relation between symptomatic and asymptomatic clinical forms was roughly similar for both species of Plasmodium. Symptomless patients were monitored for 2 months. The prevalence of symptomless infections was 4-5 times higher than the symptomatic ones--respectively, 20% and 4.6% for Portuchuelo and 49.5% and 10% for Ji-Parana. Symptomatic malaria occurred mostly in patients in younger age groups. In contrast, there was a significant association of symptomless malaria with older age groups (medians of 26.5 and 21 years, respectively, for Portuchuelo and Ji-Parana), whereas the age medians for symptomatic malaria were 14 and 8 years, respectively, in the 2 regions. Symptomatic malaria also was more prevalent in groups living for shorter times in Amazĵnia (13 and 4 years, respectively, for Portuchuelo and Ji-ParanA) as compared with symptomless malaria, which was more prevalent in groups living for longer periods in the r…
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Molecular detection for Plasmodium diagnosis using PCR has resulted in increased sensitivity and species discrimination compared to either microscopic or immunochromatographic diagnosis of malaria.
“Molecular detection for Plasmodium diagnosis using PCR has resulted in increased sensitivity and species discrimination compared to either microscopic or immunochromatographic diagnosis of malaria (2, 4, 12, 14, 22, 23, 25, 27).”
From Real-Time PCR for Detection and Identification of <i>Plasmodium</i> spp (2005) · cites this paper as [2]
Most published PCR assays are gel based with or without subsequent probe hybridizations.
“However, most published PCR assays are gel based with (4, 5, 15) or without (2, 3, 9, 23, 25-27, 29, 31, 35, 36) subsequent probe hybridizations”
From Real-Time PCR for Detection and Identification of <i>Plasmodium</i> spp (2005) · cites this paper as [2]
Many published studies show improved sensitivity and specificity of PCR-based assays over microscopic or immunochromatographic diagnosis of malaria.
“Although there are many published studies showing the improved sensitivity and specificity of PCR-based assays over microscopic or immunochromatographic diagnosis of malaria (2, 4, 12, 14, 22, 23, 25, 27), only a handful take advantage of the even more sensitive and time-efficient real-time PCR technologies.”
From Real-Time PCR for Detection and Identification of <i>Plasmodium</i> spp (2005) · cites this paper as [2]
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- Authors
- Alves, F. P., Durlacher, R. R., Menezes, M. J., Krieger, H., Silva, L. H. P., & Camargo, E. P.
- Affiliations
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Venue
- The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
- Published
- 2002-06
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 641-648
- ISSN
- 0002-9637 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2131586368
- Cited by
- 306
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 8.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Bird parasitology and diseases
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › History of Medicine and Tropical Health
- Keywords
- asymptomatic malaria, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, malaria epidemiology, riverine communities, Amazonian populations, age distribution of infection, duration of residence, malaria control strategies, Ji-Paraná
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Brazil, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Demography, Female, Geography, Humans, Male, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Seasons, Incidence, Prevalence, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Malaria, Falciparum, Malaria, Vivax
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