HEALTH AND DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEILLANCE IN RURAL WESTERN KENYA: A PLATFORM FOR EVALUATING INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY FROM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Abstract
We established a health and demographic surveillance system in a rural area of western Kenya to measure the burden of infectious diseases and evaluate public health interventions. After a baseline census, all 33,990 households were visited every four months. We collected data on educational attainment, socioeconomic status, pediatric outpatient visits, causes of death in children, and malaria transmission. The life expectancy at birth was 38 years, the infant mortality rate was 125 per 1000 live births, and the under-five mortality rate was 227 per 1,000 live births. The increased mortality rate in younger men and women suggests high human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome–related mortality in the population. Of 5,879 sick child visits, the most frequent diagnosis was malaria (71.5%). Verbal autopsy results for 661 child deaths (1 month to <12 years) implicated malaria (28.9%) and anemia (19.8%) as the most common causes of death in children. These data will provide a basis for generating further research questions, developing targeted interventions, and evaluating their impact.
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There was no difference between the amount of recall decay in severe and non-severe illness in children <5 years of age.
“Higher incidence was documented in days 0–6 than days 7–13 before home visit in children <5 years of age for both non-severe illness (RR 2.08; 95% CI 1.93–2.25) and severe illness (RR 2.04; 95% CI 1.82–2.28), although there was no difference between the amount of recall decay in severe and non-severe illness (Table 2).”
From Evaluation of the optimal recall period for disease symptoms in home-based morbidity surveillance in rural and urban Kenya (2010) · cites this paper as [5]
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References 18 · Cited by 168
- Authors
- ADAZU, K., LINDBLADE, K. A., ROSEN, D. H., ODHIAMBO, F., OFWARE, P., KWACH, J., VAN EIJK, A. M., DECOCK, K. M., AMORNKUL, P., KARANJA, D., VULULE, J. M., & SLUTSKER, L.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Kenya Program, Nairobi, Kenya; Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, and Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Centre for Vector Biology and Control Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
- Corresponding author
- LINDBLADE, KIM A.
- Venue
- The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Published
- 2005-12
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1151-1158
- ISSN
- 0002-9637 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2158798929
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 4.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Global Health and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- health and demographic surveillance, infectious disease burden, malaria, verbal autopsy, child mortality, infant mortality, under-five mortality, HIV mortality, anemia, socioeconomic status, life expectancy, public health intervention evaluation, rural western Kenya
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Autopsy, Child, Child, Preschool, Communicable Disease Control, Communicable Diseases, Demography, Female, Health Status, Humans, Infant, Infant Mortality, Infant, Newborn, Kenya, Malaria, Male, Medically Underserved Area, Middle Aged, Mortality, Population Surveillance, Surveys and Questionnaires, Rural Health, HIV Infections, Age Distribution, Rural Health Services
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