Epidemiology of Hookworm Infection in Kintampo North Municipality, Ghana: Patterns of Malaria Coinfection, Anemia, and Albendazole Treatment Failure
Open accessAbstract
A cross-sectional pilot study of hookworm infection was carried out among 292 subjects from 62 households in Kintampo North, Ghana. The overall prevalence of hookworm infection was 45%, peaking in those 11–20 years old (58.5%). In children, risk factors for hookworm infection included coinfection with malaria and increased serum immunoglobulin G reactivity to hookworm secretory antigens. Risk factors for infection in adults included poor nutritional status, not using a latrine, not wearing shoes, and occupation (farming). Although albendazole therapy was associated with an overall egg reduction rate of 82%, 37 subjects (39%) remained infected. Among those who failed therapy, treatment was not associated with a significant reduction in egg excretion, and nearly one-third had higher counts on repeat examination. These data confirm a high prevalence of low-intensity hookworm infection in central Ghana and its association with poor nutritional status. The high rate of albendazole failure raises concern about emerging resistance.
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Thereafter, low efficacies of mebendazole or albendazole against hookworms were repeatedly reported; for example, in Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Vietnam, and Ghana.
“Thereafter, low efficacies of mebendazole or albendazole against hookworms were repeatedly reported; for example, in Pemba Island, Zanzibar [335,337], Vietnam [338], and Ghana [339].”
From Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update (2021) · cites this paper as [339]
In Ghana, poor efficacy of albendazole (400 mg single dose) was obtained in treatment of hookworms, 61.1% CR and 81.5% ERR, presumably due to drug resistance.
“In Ghana, poor efficacy of albendazole (400 mg single dose) was obtained in treatment of hookworms, 61.1% CR and 81.5% ERR, presumably due to drug resistance [339].”
From Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update (2021) · cites this paper as [339]
Cites
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Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update
Chai, J.-Y., Jung, B.-K., & Hong, S.-J. (2021) · The Korean Journal of Parasitology · doi:10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.189 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Health-Education Package to Prevent Worm Infections in Chinese Schoolchildren
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- Authors
- Humphries, D., Mosites, E., Otchere, J., Twum, W. A., Woo, L., Jones-Sanpei, H., Harrison, L. M., Bungiro, R. D., Benham-Pyle, B., Bimi, L., Edoh, D., Bosompem, K., Wilson, M., & Cappello, M.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Published
- 2011-05-05
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 792-800
- ISSN
- 0002-9637 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-1645
- PMC
- PMC3083749
- OpenAlex
- W2160412413
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 9.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Yale University
- University of Ghana
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Institute for Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Yale University
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasites and Host Interactions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Keywords
- hookworm infection, hookworm prevalence, malaria co-infection, anemia, albendazole resistance, IgG, nutritional status, latrine use, footwear, agricultural labor, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anemia, Anthelmintics, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Ghana, Hookworm Infections, Humans, Infant, Malaria, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Albendazole, Prevalence, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult
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