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Cited by 27Historical and Environmental StudiesHistorical Economic and Social StudiesEnvironmental, Ecological, and Cultural Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year.

Three Thousand Years of Unsustainable Growth: China's Environment from Archaic Times to the Present

Elvin, Mark·2022·Environmental History in the Pacific World
DOI 10.4324/9781315256313-2
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Abstract

This chapter discusses the history of China from about 1000 bc to the present day from the point of view of the interaction of politics, economics, and the environment. The apparent long-term pre-modern annual rate of growth thus rose from about 0.07% during the first millennium ad to 0.1% during most of the second millennium, to about 0.5% in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and then to 0.65% during the early modern epoch. The broad characteristics of production and exchange during the three periods were as follows: In the first there was a significant component of hunting, fishing, fowling, gathering, and herding in the economy, varying regionally, with millet being the staple cereal, hemp the main clothing fibre, and small-scale drainage and flood-prevention the focus of hydraulic works. The subject-matter of environmental history is the interface where human beings have entered into a reciprocal relationship with the biogeochemical systems of the Earth.

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Metadata

Authors
Elvin, M.
Corresponding author
Elvin, Mark
Venue
Environmental History in the Pacific World
Publisher
Routledge
Published
2022-02-02
Pages
29-68
DOI
10.4324/9781315256313-2
OpenAlex
W4210490228
Cited by
27
References
0
Citations by year
2025: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2
FWCI
14.85
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Routledge eBooks (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Historical and Environmental Studies
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Historical Economic and Social Studies
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Environmental, Ecological, and Cultural Studies
Keywords
environmental history, China, economic growth, premodern economy, hunter-gatherer economy, millet cultivation, hydraulic structures, flood control, human-nature relationship, long-term growth rate

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