Transgender athletes in elite sport competitions
Abstract
This chapter analyzes transgender participation in elite competition sports with special emphasis on Male-To-Female who have hormonally transitioned. Social and legal discrimination of transgender individuals and the legal restrictions on the recognition of the change of sex prevented any transgender athlete from being eligible by sports authorities for a sexual category that was not congruent with the biological one. The underlying goal of sex-segregated competition is purportedly to establish a fair competition given that alternative of a competition without sex segregation would put women at a disadvantage. Sex categorization, from a medical perspective, is simultaneously ideological in that there are vast differences between members of one sex; in that there exists a mean average difference between males and females. The shift, from a medical perspective, with search for genetic diagnosis to a sports-related perspective for the best biological marker eventually lead to the end of gender verification policies.
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Transmen athletes are perceived to not have the same magnitude of competitive advantage as transwomen or DSD women athletes when integrated into male elite sports.
“transmen (birth-assigned female transitioned to male) athletes are perceived to not have the same magnitude of competitive advantage as transwomen or DSD women athletes when integrated into male elite sports [9]”
From Integrating Transwomen and Female Athletes with Differences of Sex Development (DSD) into Elite Competition: The FIMS 2021 Consensus Statement (2021) · cites this paper as [9]
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Hamilton, B. R., Lima, G., Barrett, J., Seal, L., Kolliari-Turner, A., Wang, G., Karanikolou, A., Bigard, X., Löllgen, H., Zupet, P., et al. (2021) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-021-01451-8 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
- Authors
- Vilain, E., Betancurt, J. O., Bueno-Guerra, N., & Jose Martinez-Patiño, M.
- ORCID
- Vilain, Eric
- Venue
- Transgender Athletes in Competitive Sport
- Publisher
- Routledge
- Published
- 2017-06-26
- Pages
- 156-170
- OpenAlex
- W2904187115
- Cited by
- 6
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Routledge eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sports, Gender, and Society
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Keywords
- transgender athletes, sex segregation in sport, gender verification, transgender discrimination, sports law, fair competition
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