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Cited by 123Ultrasound Imaging and ElastographyAdvanced MRI Techniques and ApplicationsMRI in cancer diagnosis

General review of magnetic resonance elastography

Open access
Low, Gavin·2016·World Journal of Radiology
DOI 10.4329/wjr.v8.i1.59PMC PMC4731349
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Abstract

Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an innovative imaging technique for the non-invasive quantification of the biomechanical properties of soft tissues via the direct visualization of propagating shear waves in vivo using a modified phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence. Fundamentally, MRE employs the same physical property that physicians utilize when performing manual palpation - that healthy and diseased tissues can be differentiated on the basis of widely differing mechanical stiffness. By performing "virtual palpation", MRE is able to provide information that is beyond the capabilities of conventional morphologic imaging modalities. In an era of increasing adoption of multi-parametric imaging approaches for solving complex problems, MRE can be seamlessly incorporated into a standard MRI examination to provide a rapid, reliable and comprehensive imaging evaluation at a single patient appointment. Originally described by the Mayo Clinic in 1995, the technique represents the most accurate non-invasive method for the detection and staging of liver fibrosis and is currently performed in more than 100 centers worldwide. In this general review, the mechanical properties of soft tissues, principles of MRE, clinical applications of MRE in the liver and beyond, and limitations and future directions of this discipline -are discussed. Selected diagrams and images are provided for illustration.

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  • MRE remains constrained by skull attenuation, reflection, diffraction, limited spatial coverage, and wavelength-dependent spatial resolution.

    “Still, whether externally or intrinsically driven, MRE remains constrained by skull attenuation, reflection, diffraction, limited spatial coverage, and wavelength-dependent spatial resolution (Low et al., 2016).”

    From 40 Years of diffusion MRI in the brain: From history to emerging frontiers (2026) · cites this paper as Low et al., 2016

    In its comparison with ultrasound elastography, the review says MRE offers wide-field imaging coverage, contrary to the claim that its spatial coverage is limited. The Brain and Principles of MRE sections do not describe the claimed skull attenuation, reflection, diffraction, or wavelength-dependent spatial resolution; the latter only specifies a half-wavelength boundary for measuring tissue stiffness. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.75)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Low, G.
Affiliations
Alberta Hospital Edmonton (CA)
Corresponding author
Low, Gavin
ORCID
Low, Gavin
Venue
World Journal of Radiology
Publisher
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
Published
2016
Volume
8
Issue
1
Pages
59
ISSN
1949-8470 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.4329/wjr.v8.i1.59
PMC
PMC4731349
OpenAlex
W2411235467
Cited by
123
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2
FWCI
1.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • World Journal of Radiology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (EB001981)
  • NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
  • National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB001981)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › MRI in cancer diagnosis
Keywords
magnetic resonance elastography, shear wave imaging, phase-contrast MRI, tissue stiffness, soft tissue mechanics, liver fibrosis, noninvasive fibrosis staging, virtual palpation, multiparametric MRI

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