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A theory of student agency in higher education
Abstract
This chapter proposes a theory of student agency in higher education as an overarching framework for structuring ideas about conditions of student experiences and student outcomes. Student agency is defined as students’ capabilities to navigate, influence, and take responsibility for their learning and education pathways and environments. The student agency model accounts for time, space, and place dynamics to explain the double ‘conversion’: the conversion of agentic orientations into a set of capabilities that comprise student agency and the conversion of student agency into student experiences and outcomes. The theory of student agency focuses on relationships between structures and students’ capabilities such as intentionality, forethought and self-direction, self-regulation and reflexivity, self-awareness and self-authorship, self-efficacy and self-determination, and mental wellbeing. It addresses the questions: (1) What is student agency? (2) What are the student agency dynamics across, time, space, and place in higher education? (3) How does student agency affect student outcomes?
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In the citing paper
“Student agency is key for success in higher education and includes self-regulated learning, self-efficacy, intentionality, forethought, and self-awareness [11].”
From Generative artificial intelligence in physiotherapy education: great potential amidst challenges- a qualitative interview study (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Students with high agency show greater motivation to learn, define learning objectives, and develop lifelong learning skills [11].”
From Generative artificial intelligence in physiotherapy education: great potential amidst challenges- a qualitative interview study (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“The risks and benefits of students using GAI in their education can be related to student agency, which involves actively mastering learning by making responsible choices, setting goals, and reflecting on the learning process.”
From Generative artificial intelligence in physiotherapy education: great potential amidst challenges- a qualitative interview study (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
Citations
Cited by
Lindbäck, Y., Schröder, K., Engström, T., Valeskog, K., & Sonesson, S. (2025) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-025-07106-w · Cited by 22
Marginson, S. (2023) · Palgrave studies in global higher education · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44885-0_2 · Cited by 21
Corrigan, V. K., Newman, R. L., Richmond, P., Strand, E. B., & Vaisman, J. M. (2025) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2024.1484412 · Cited by 25
The Double-Coded Self in Higher Education: Student Self-Formation and Social Sustainability
Marginson, S. (2024) · British Journal of Educational Studies · doi:10.1080/00071005.2024.2422444 · Cited by 13
Integrating AI in higher education: transforming teachers' roles in boosting student agency
Adhikari, D. P., & Pandey, G. P. (2025) · Educational Technology Quarterly · doi:10.55056/etq.943 · Cited by 20
Student agency of Chinese first-generation college students in transition to elite universities
Xie, W., & Dou, Z. (2025) · Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s10734-025-01503-2 · Cited by 9
Promoting student empowerment in student partnership-student representation integrations
Patrick, J. (2024) · Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s10734-024-01252-8 · Cited by 5
Zou, T. X. P., Casupanan, Y. C., Poon, H. K. H., et al. (2025) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2025.2481987 · Cited by 3
Agency and Narrative Creativity as Tools in Transformative Transitions
Sorokin, P. (2025) · Foresight-Russia · doi:10.17323/fstig.2025.27980 · Cited by 4
Co-Agency and Co-Development in Higher Education
Singh, A. B., & Engeness, I. (2025) · Human Arenas · doi:10.1007/s42087-025-00526-6 · Cited by 2
International student agency in higher education: a systematic review of resistance and activism
Sin, C., & Cardoso, S. (2025) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2025.2579563 · Cited by 1
López, A. A. (2025) · Frontiers in Communication · doi:10.3389/fcomm.2025.1583494 · Cited by 4
Zuliani, F., Burra, P., Manzardo, A., & Fedele, A. (2026) · The TQM Journal · doi:10.1108/tqm-08-2025-0455 · Cited by 1
Introduction: From Actors to Reforms in European Higher Education
Klemenčić, M. (2022) · Higher education dynamics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-09400-2_1 · Cited by 1
Self-citationA Transformative Approach to Admissions Assessment: The South African Case
Prince, R. N., & Simpson, Z. (2025) · Designs for Learning · doi:10.16993/dfl.232
Hogan, D. V. (2025) · Belonging. · doi:10.1177/30290805251391623
Le, P. T., Hug, S. T., & Hartley, L. (2026) · CBE—Life Sciences Education · doi:10.1187/cbe.25-02-0037
Yue, Y., Shen, W., Yu, W., Liu, Y., & Wang, S. (2026) · Journal of Studies in International Education · doi:10.1177/10283153261420695 · Cited by 2
Yu, S., Guo, R., Yao, C., et al. (2026) · Higher Education Research & Development · doi:10.1080/07294360.2026.2670664
Buffered and burdened agency: African students navigating Chinese higher education
Jin, T., Jiang, M., Liu, Q., et al. (2026) · British Educational Research Journal · doi:10.1002/berj.70220
Jiang, H., Chugh, R., Yuan, Q., Xue, X., Sun, Z., Cheng, H., & Yan, L. (2026) · Interactive Learning Environments · doi:10.1080/10494820.2026.2689103
Анатольевна, В. Е., Karastelev, V., & Kovalyova, T. M. (2026) · Education & Pedagogy Journal · doi:10.23951/2782-2575-2026-2-5-21
Lai, M., & Jung, J. (2026) · Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s10734-026-01768-1
Mobility-Multiplicity: Are Local and International Students’ Academic Self-Formation Different?
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.003.0008
What Do Students Say About Academic Self-Formation?
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.003.0005
Self-Reflexivity: How Do Students Exercise Their Agency in Academic Self-Formation?
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.003.0006
Researching Self-Formation: Philosophy, Theory, and Methodology
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.003.0003
What Can We Do for Students’ Academic Self-Formation?
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.003.0010
What Do Theories Say About Academic Self-Formation?
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.003.0004
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.005.0001
Marginson, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.002.0004
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.003.0001
Disciplinary Agency: What is the Role of Knowledge in Academic Self-Formation?
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.003.0007
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.002.0005
A Theory of Academic Self-Formation
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.003.0009
How Do Students Develop in Higher Education?
Lee, S. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197840726.003.0002
Metadata
- Authors
- Klemenčič, M.
- ORCID
- Klemenčič, Manja
- Venue
- Research Handbook on the Student Experience in Higher Education
- Publisher
- Edward Elgar Publishing
- Published
- 2023-11-28
- Pages
- 25-40
- OpenAlex
- W4388938733
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 67.73
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Higher Education Research Studies
- Social Sciences › Education › Higher Education Practises and Engagement
- Social Sciences › Education › Educational Leadership and Innovation
- Keywords
- student agency, higher education, student experience, student outcomes, self-regulation, self-determination, self-efficacy, self-authorship, psychological well-being, student ability, principal-agent model
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