The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Contribution of ship emissions to the concentration and deposition of air pollutants in Europe
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
Emissions from the marine transport sector are one of the least-regulated anthropogenic emission sources and contribute significantly to air pollution. Although strict limits were introduced recently for the maximum sulfur content in marine fuels in the SECAs (sulfur emission control areas) and in EU ports, sulfur emissions outside the SECAs and emissions of other components in all European maritime areas have continued to increase in the last two decades. We have used the air quality model CAMx (Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions) with and without ship emissions for the year 2006 to determine the effects of international shipping on the annual as well as seasonal concentrations of ozone, primary and secondary components of PM 2.5 , and the dry and wet deposition of nitrogen and sulfur compounds in Europe. The largest changes in pollutant concentrations due to ship emissions were predicted for summer. Concentrations of particulate sulfate increased due to ship emissions in the Mediterranean (up to 60 %), the English Channel and the North Sea (30–35 %), while increases in particulate nitrate levels were found especially in the north, around the Benelux area (20 %), where there were high NH 3 land-based emissions. Our model results showed that not only are the atmospheric concentrations of pollutants affected by ship emissions, but also depositions of nitrogen and sulfur compounds increase significantly along the shipping routes. NO x emissions from the ships, especially in the English Channel and the North Sea, cause a decrease in the dry deposition of reduced nitrogen at source regions by moving it from the gas phase to the particle phase which then contributes to an increase in the wet deposition at coastal areas with higher precipitation. In the western Mediterranean region, on the other hand, model results show an increase in the deposition of oxidized nitrogen (mostly HNO 3 ) due to the ship traffic. Dry deposition of SO 2 seems to be significant along the shipping routes, whereas sulfate wet deposition occurs mainly along the Scandinavian and Adriatic coasts. The results presented in this paper suggest that evolution of NO x emissions from ships and land-based NH 3 emissions will play a significant role in future European air quality.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Modest increases in PM2.5 are predicted in studies focusing on European ship emissions with 5% -10% enhancements due to present-day shipping along the southern Norwegian coast (Aksoyoglu et al., 2016; Jonson et al., 2015).”
From Local Arctic Air Pollution: A Neglected but Serious Problem (2018) · cites this paper as Aksoyoglu et al., 2016
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Guenther, A., Jiang, X., Heald, C. L., Sakulyanontvittaya, T., Duhl, T. R., Emmons, L. K., & Wang, X. (2012) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-5-1471-2012 · Cited by 4,126
Coupled Partitioning, Dilution, and Chemical Aging of Semivolatile Organics
Donahue, N. M., Robinson, A. L., Stanier, C. O., & Pandis, S. Ν. (2006) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es052297c · Cited by 1,528
Mortality from Ship Emissions: A Global Assessment
Corbett, J. J., Winebrake, J. J., Green, E. H., Kasibhatla, P. S., Eyring, V., & Lauer, A. (2007) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es071686z · Cited by 1,086
Horowitz, L. W., Walters, S., Mauzerall, D. L., Emmons, L. K., Rasch, P. J., Granier, C., Tie, X., Lamarque, J., Schultz, M. G., Tyndall, G. S., et al. (2003) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2002jd002853 · Cited by 977
Transport impacts on atmosphere and climate: Shipping
Eyring, V., Isaksen, I. S. A., Berntsen, T. K., Collins, W. J., Corbett, J. J., Endresen, Ø., Grainger, R. G., Moldanová, J., Schlager, H., & Stevenson, D. S. (2009) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.059 · Cited by 958
A revised parameterization for gaseous dry deposition in air-quality models
Zhang, L., Brook, J. R., & Vet, R. J. (2003) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-3-2067-2003 · Cited by 708
Evaluation of secondary organic aerosol formation in winter
Strader, R. (1999) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(99)00310-6 · Cited by 520
Kuenen, J. J. P., Visschedijk, A. J. H., Jozwicka, M., & van der Gon, H. D. (2014) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-14-10963-2014 · Cited by 509
Jalkanen, J.-P., Brink, A., Kalli, J., Pettersson, H., Kukkonen, J., & Stipa, T. (2009) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-9-9209-2009 · Cited by 503
Transport impacts on atmosphere and climate: Land transport
Uherek, E., Halenka, T., Borken, J., Balkanski, Y. J., Berntsen, T. K., Borrego, C. S., Gauss, M., Hoor, P. M., Juda-Rezler, K., & Lelieveld, J. (2010) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.01.002 · Cited by 388
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Porous metal–organic frameworks as emerging sorbents for clean air
Han, X., Yang⧫, S., & Schröder, M. (2019) · Nature Reviews Chemistry · doi:10.1038/s41570-019-0073-7 · Cited by 303
Local Arctic Air Pollution: A Neglected but Serious Problem
Schmale, J., Arnold, S. R., Law, K. S., Thorp, T., Anenberg, S., Simpson, W. R., Mao, J., & Pratt, K. A. (2018) · Earth's Future · doi:10.1029/2018ef000952 · Cited by 221
“5 are predicted in studies focusing on European ship emissions with 5%–10% enhancements due to present-day shipping along the southern Norwegian coast (Aksoyoglu et al., 2016; Jonson et al., 2015).”
BackgroundLiu, Z., Lu, X., Feng, J., Fan, Q., Zhang, Y., & Yang, X. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b03834 · Cited by 175
Impacts of shipping emissions on PM 2.5 pollution in China
Lv, Z., Liu, H., Ying, Q., Fu, M., Meng, Z., Wang, Y., Wei, W., Gong, H., & He, K. (2018) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-18-15811-2018 · Cited by 140
Ship emission inventory and its impact on the PM 2.5 air pollution in Qingdao Port, North China
Chen, D., Wang, X., Nelson, P. F., Li, Y., Zhao, N., Zhao, Y., Lang, J., Zhou, Y. C., & Guo, X. (2017) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.07.021 · Cited by 136
Metadata
- Authors
- Aksoyoglu, S., Baltensperger, U., & Prévôt, A. S. H.
- Affiliations
- Paul Scherrer Institute (CH)
- Venue
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
- Publisher
- Copernicus GmbH
- Published
- 2016-02-18
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1895-1906
- ISSN
- 1680-7316 (ISSN-L)
- 1680-7324
- OpenAlex
- W1951292167
- Cited by
- 154
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 9.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Atmospheric chemistry and physics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DORA PSI (Paul Scherrer Institute) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Kompetenzzentrum für Energie und Mobilität
- European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Environmental Policies and Emissions
- Keywords
- ship emissions, maritime transport, air pollution, PM2.5, ozone, particulate sulfate, particulate nitrate, nitrogen deposition, sulfur deposition, NOx emissions, ammonia emissions, wet deposition, dry deposition, European air quality, Mediterranean, English Channel, North Sea, seasonal variation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
