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Social vulnerability to climate in the "Little Ice Age": an example from Central Europe in the early 1770s
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Abstract
Abstract. The paper is oriented on social vulnerability to climate in Switzerland and in the Czech Lands during the early 1770s. Documentary sources of climate related to man-made archives are discussed. Methods of temperature and precipitation reconstruction based on this evidence as well as climate impact analyses are presented. Modelling of Little Ice Age-type Impacts (LIATIMP) is applied to highlight climate impacts during the period 1750–1800 in the Swiss Plateau and in the Czech Lands. LIATIMP are defined as adverse climate situations affecting agricultural production, mainly in terms of rainy autumns, cold springs and rainy harvest-periods. The most adverse weather patterns according to this model occurred from 1769 to 1771 causing two, in the case of the Czech Lands even three successive harvest failures. The paper addresses the social and economic consequences of this accumulation of climatic stress and explores how the authorities and the victims dealt with this situation.
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“Most of the work on Chinese historical climatology conforms to the step-like causality relationship mapped out by Robert Kates, which is supported by some economic research.101,102”
From Climate change and Chinese history: a review of trends, topics, and methods (2015) · cites this paper as [102]
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“Temperature and precipitation anomalies create extreme events (including floods, droughts, and windstorms) and a succession of biophysical (lower yield and lesser nutrition value), economic (price of food, animal feed, and fire-wood), and demographic and social (malnutrition, decrease in births, rise in death-rate, social disruption, and food resource migration) impacts.”
From Climate change and Chinese history: a review of trends, topics, and methods (2015) · cites this paper as [102]
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References 63 · Cited by 111
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- % Pfister, C.: Little Ice Age-type Impacts and the mitigation of social % vulnerability to climate in the Swiss canton of Bern prior to 1800, in: % Integrated History and Future of People on Earth (IHOPE), % Costanza, R., Graumlich, L. J., and Steffen, W., Dahlem Workshop Report 96, MIT Press, % Cambridge MA, in press, 2006. · DOI
- Pfister, C. and Bareiss, W.: The climate in Paris between 1675 and 1715 according to the Meteorological Journal of Louis Morin, in: Climatic Trends and Anomalies in Europe 1675–1715, edited by: Frenzel, B., Pfister, C., and Gläser, B., Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New York, 151–171, 1994.
- Post, J. D.: Nutritional status and mortality in eighteenth-century Europe, in: Hunger in History, Food Shortage, Poverty and Deprivation, edited by: Newman, L. F., Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 241–280, 1990.
Metadata
- Authors
- Pfister, C., & Brázdil, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Bern (CH)
- Masaryk University (CZ)
- Venue
- Climate of the Past
- Publisher
- Copernicus GmbH
- Published
- 2006-10-09
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 115-129
- ISSN
- 1814-9324 (ISSN-L)
- 1814-9332
- OpenAlex
- W2103189800
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Climate of the past (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Historical Economic and Social Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Tree-ring climate responses
- Keywords
- Little Ice Age, climate change impacts on agriculture, crop failure, cold springs, climate reconstruction, temperature reconstruction, precipitation reconstruction, Swiss Plateau, Czech lands, early 18th century, climate impact modelling
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Social vulnerability to climate in the "Little Ice Age": an example from Central Europe in the early 1770s. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.5194/cp-2-115-2006
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- Pfister, C., & Brázdil, R. (2006). Social vulnerability to climate in the "Little Ice Age": an example from Central Europe in the early 1770s. Climate of the Past. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2-115-2006
