Optimization of Independent Variables for the Production of Extracellular Alpha Amylase by Bacillus subtilis IMD34 Using Plackett-Burman Design
Open accessAbstract
Bacillus species are widely used for thermostable α-amylase production for various applications such as in the detergent and food industries. This research aimed to study the production of α-amylase by B. subtilis IMD34 in submerged fermentation conditions using Plackett-Burman (PB) design, along with the optimization of certain environmental factors for optimal growth of amylolytic bacteria. Plackett-Burman design was used to evaluate the effect of ten independent variables on α-amylase production. Maximum enzyme activity was recorded in a medium containing (g/l); starch (6.0), peptone (12.0), K2HPO4 (1.0), Na2HPO4 (2.0), NaCl (0.6), Na2SO4 (0.1), MgSO4.7H20 (1.0), FeCl3.6H2O (0.02), CaCl2.2H2O (0.02) and with an agitation speed (200 rpm). From the pareto chart it was observed that the most important independent variables for amylase production were starch, peptone, NaCl, Mg2SO4, CaCl2.2H2O and agitation. Optimization of environmental parameters to assess their effect on the growth of bacteria showed that optimal pH, incubation time and temperature were recorded at 6, 48h and 37˚C. Evaluating independent variables statistically using PB design revealed that some of the medium’s components had a positive impact on α-amylase production by B. subtilis IMD34.
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Previous studies suggest that optimal temperature and agitation ranges for B. subtilis strains are 30°C-37°C and 200-250 rpm, respectively.
“Previous studies on B. subtilis strains suggest that their optimal temperature and agitation ranges are 30°C-37°C and 200-250 rpm, respectively [34, 39 ,40].”
From Optimization of Bacillus subtilis PW12 biomass production using RSM: a preliminary study towards single-cell protein production for aquaculture (2024) · cites this paper as [40]
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Gracious, M., & Nandakumar, S. (2024) · Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology · doi:10.7324/jabb.2024.177031 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Previous studies on B. subtilis strains suggest that their optimal temperature and agitation ranges are 30°C-37°C and 200–250 rpm, respectively [34, 39 ,40].”
- Authors
- Effiom, H., & Lennox, J.
- Affiliations
- Antimicrobials and Bioactive Molecules Research Group, Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria
- University of Calabar (NG)
- Venue
- Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science
- Publisher
- Sultan Qaboos University
- Published
- 2025-04-27
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 2
- ISSN
- 1027-524X (ISSN-L)
- 2414-536X
- OpenAlex
- W4380047706
- Cited by
- 1
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1
- FWCI
- 0.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Maǧallaẗ ǧāmiʿaẗ al-Sulṭān Qābūs li-l-ʿulūm/Sultan Qaboos University journal for science (publishedVersion, cc-by-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Optimal Experimental Design Methods
- Keywords
- Plackett-Burman design, submerged fermentation, culture medium optimization, starch, peptone, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, stirring speed, pH, incubation temperature, thermostable enzymes
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