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Cited by 182Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsCancer survivorship and careReligion, Spirituality, and Psychology

Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Physical Conditions: A Narrative Review Evaluating Levels of Evidence

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Carlson, Linda E.·2012·ISRN Psychiatry
DOI 10.5402/2012/651583PMC PMC3671698
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Abstract

Research on mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for treating symptoms of a wide range of medical conditions has proliferated in recent decades. Mindfulness is the cultivation of nonjudgmental awareness in the present moment. It is both a practice and a way of being in the world. Mindfulness is purposefully cultivated in a range of structured interventions, the most popular of which is mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), followed by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT). This paper begins with a discussion of the phenomenological experience of coping with a chronic and potentially life-threatening illness, followed by a theoretical discussion of the application of mindfulness in these situations. The literature evaluating MBIs within medical conditions is then comprehensively reviewed, applying a levels of evidence rating framework within each major condition. The bulk of the research looked at diagnoses of cancer, pain conditions (chronic pain, low back pain, fibromyalgia, and rheumatoid arthritis), cardiovascular disease, diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and irritable bowel syndrome. Most outcomes assessed are psychological in nature and show substantial benefit, although some physical and disease-related parameters have also been evaluated. The field would benefit from more adequately powered randomized controlled trials utilizing active comparison groups and assessing the moderating role of patient characteristics and program “dose” in determining outcomes.

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  • For individuals living with HIV in an impoverished setting with chronic exposure to stressors in one's environment, an acceptance-based approach may be appropriate.

    “For individuals living with HIV in an impoverished setting with chronic exposure to stressors in one’s environment, an acceptance-based approach may be appropriate (Brown, Ryan, & Creswell, 2007; Carlson, 2012).”

    From The Application of Mindfulness for Individuals Living with HIV in South Africa: a Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Pilot Study (2018) · cites this paper as Carlson, 2012

    The Conclusions (page unavailable) identify acceptance and emotion regulation as potentially important for people with HIV/AIDS, and §5.5 reports benefits of mindfulness-based interventions for people with HIV. The paper does not address whether an acceptance-based approach is appropriate specifically in an impoverished setting with chronic exposure to environmental stressors. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The evidence supporting the efficacy of MBPs in the treatment of physical and psychological health challenges in some areas is strong and building.

    “The evidence supporting their ef fi cacy in the treatment of physical and psychological health challenges in some areas is strong and building (e.g. see recent meta-analyses and reviews Carlson, 2012; Khoury et al. 2013; Kuyken et al. 2016).”

    From What defines mindfulness-based programs? The warp and the weft (2017) · cites this paper as Carlson, 2012

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Authors
Carlson, L. E.
Affiliations
Alberta Health Services (CA)
Corresponding author
Carlson, Linda E.
ORCID
Carlson, Linda E.
Venue
ISRN Psychiatry
Publisher
Hindawi Limited
Published
2012-11-14
Volume
2012
Pages
1-21
ISSN
2090-7966 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.5402/2012/651583
PMC
PMC3671698
OpenAlex
W2137146106
Cited by
182
References
212
Citations by year
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FWCI
1.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • ISRN Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Libraries and Cultural Resources (University of Calgary) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
  • Libraries and Cultural Resources (University of Calgary) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Alberta Cancer Foundation
  • Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
  • Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
Keywords
mindfulness-based interventions, mindfulness-based stress reduction, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, chronic disease, cancer, chronic pain, low back pain, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, HIV/AIDS, irritable bowel syndrome, level of evidence, psychological outcomes, randomized controlled trials

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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