The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Utilization of Antenatal Care (ANC) Services in Bangladesh: A Cross-sectional Study Exploring the Associated Factors
Open accessAbstract
Objectives: The study aims to identify the associated factors with antenatal care (ANC) service utilization by pregnant women in Bangladesh.Methods: Using Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2014, Chi-square association test detected significant explanatory variables for the number of ANC visits.For adjusted effects estimation, the study considered multinomial logistic regression (MLR) with relative risk ratio (RRR) and proportional odds model (POM).Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) compared and selected a better-fitted model.Results: This study included 4488 responses who are women aged from 15-49 years.From MLR, primary educated women (RRR=1.344,95% CI=1.253-1.747,p<0.001) with highly educated partners (RRR=1.478,95% CI=1.255-1.908,p<0.001) were more likely to use ANC services.Besides, women belonging to the middle (RRR=1.209,95% CI=1.114-1.644,p<0.001) and rich (RRR=1.506,95% CI=1.307-1.970,p<0.001) wealth index had more chances of utilizing ANC services.However, ANC attendance decreased significantly with the increment in birth order (p<0.001).ANC visits was also lower for rural women (RRR=0.711,95% CI=0.555-0.891,p<0.001),Dhaka (RRR=0.623,95% CI=0.493-0.955,p<0.001),Khulna (RRR=0.457,95% CI=0.388-0.687,p<0.001), and Rangpur (RRR=0.579,95% CI=0.484-0.780,p<0.001) divisions. Conclusion:To increase the ANC attendance, improvement of maternal education in rural areas is highly recommended.Dhaka, Khulna, and Rangpur divisions also need special focus.
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The current study observed high ANC attendance rates among Rohingya when compared to Bangladesh more generally and other South Asian countries where most women receive no more than three ANC visits.
“This is similar to the current study, which observed high ANC attendance rates among Rohingya when compared to Bangladesh more generally and other South Asian countries where most women receive no more than three ANC visits [14, 22, 46, 54].”
From Predictors of antenatal care utilization among the Rohingya population in the refugee camps of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh (2025) · cites this paper as [14]
Table 1 shows that most women in the surveyed urban and rural Bangladesh groups had no ANC visit or 1–3 visits, supporting the Bangladesh comparison. The paper does not provide corresponding attendance figures for other South Asian countries. Its study population was women in Bangladesh generally, not Rohingya; the Rohingya finding is described as the citing authors’ own result. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredA study in Bangladesh showed that with each additional child, pregnant women utilized ANC significantly less often.
“A study in Bangladesh showed that with each additional child, pregnant women utilized ANC significantly less often [14]”
From Predictors of antenatal care utilization among the Rohingya population in the refugee camps of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh (2025) · cites this paper as [14]
SES or wealth enables people to utilize ANC.
“Studies show that SES or wealth enable people to utilize ANC [11, 12, 14].”
From Predictors of antenatal care utilization among the Rohingya population in the refugee camps of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh (2025) · cites this paper as [14]
The Bangladeshi government recommends a minimum of 4 ANC visits.
“However, the Bangladeshi government recommends a minimum of 4 ANC visits [14].”
From Predictors of antenatal care utilization among the Rohingya population in the refugee camps of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh (2025) · cites this paper as [14]
The Methods section groups ANC attendance as 1–3 or at least four visits, but does not identify four visits as a government recommendation. The Introduction describes a WHO schedule and calls four or fewer visits inadequate; neither passage establishes what the Bangladeshi government recommends. Searches for a government recommendation and a four-visit guideline found no such statement in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.77)
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Research works printed but not linked: 25
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Simon, D., Michael, D., Rahman, M. S., Hiott, M. C., Rahim, A., Sanin, K. I., Tofail, F., & Wuermli, A. J. (2025) · Conflict and Health · doi:10.1186/s13031-025-00733-6 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Talukder, A.
- Affiliations
- Khulna University (BD)
- Corresponding author
- Talukder, Ashis
- ORCID
- Talukder, Ashis
- Venue
- The Anatolian Journal of Family Medicine
- Publisher
- LookUs Bilisim A.S.
- Published
- 2020
- ISSN
- 2651-3455 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3049589448
- Cited by
- 13
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 1.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- The Anatolian Journal of Family Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Public Health and Nutrition
- Keywords
- antenatal care utilization, obstetric care, associated factors, Bangladesh
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