The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 13 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Jubilee Calendar Rescued From the Flood Narrative
Open accessAbstract
The origin of the 364-day calendar attested in Dead Sea scrolls and in the books of Jubilees and Enoch is disputed. While it is often considered as a sectarian invention during the 3rd or 2nd centuries bce, Jaubert, VanderKam and Gardner claim that it is already used in the Torah and may be as old as Pg. Using the number seven and the notion that the actual Flood period marks the interruption of time and calendar, this article shows that the 364-day calendar is used by the Priestly writer both in Genesis 1 and in the Flood Narrative, thus suggesting that one of the aims of the Priestly writing was to establish a new calendar to mark the end of the Babylonian rule.
Overview
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Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
The paper argues that the 364-day "sabbatical" calendar of Jubilees and Enoch is already reflected in the Priestly Flood Narrative, and that the LXX preserves P's original dates while the 150-day intervals are a secondary imposition of a 360-day Egyptian-style calendar. It concludes that P (around 530 BCE) set up, and possibly invented, this calendar.
Key findings
- Reconstructing the Flood Narrative's intervals on a 364-day calendar yields a coherent chronology: 156 days (= 3 + 30 + 31 + 60 + 31 + 1) from the ark resting on 27/VII (LXX) to the cover's removal on 1/I, plus 56 days (= 29 + 27 = 8 × 7) to the ark's opening on 27/II, for a total of 252 days = 36 × 7.
- The twice-mentioned 150 days (Gen 7,24; 8,3b) contradicts both MT and LXX dates, which give 152 or 162 days between 17/II and the ark's resting; the authors treat the 150 days as secondary, imposed to fit a 360-day calendar (150 + 150 + 60).
- The LXX's seven months between the ark's resting and its opening (27/VII to 27/II) are read as a hallmark of P's penchant for sevens, mirroring the seven days of Genesis 1; the flood itself is treated as a "time gap" or "black hole in the calendar" that should not be tallied.
- The authors conclude that P was not only the composer of Genesis 1 and the rest of Pg but also "set up (and possibly invented) the sabbatical calendar," and that Beckwith stretches the evidence in claiming the solar and lunar calendars are the only ones "definitely reflected in the Old Testament."
Methods
- Textual and chronological analysis of the Priestly Flood Narrative (Gen 7,11–8,14), comparing MT and LXX dates and building interval tables (Tables 1–3) that tally days between dated events.
- The authors correct Cryer's interval table by removing the assumption that the flood began on 1/I, adding the missing interval between the mountaintops' appearance and the cover's removal, and re-tallying intervals using the procedure that yields 150 days between 17/II and 17/VII (13 + 120 + 17).
- The reconstructed chronology is then tested against the 364-day calendar (52 weeks, four 91-day seasons) attested in 1 Enoch, Jubilees, and Qumran texts, with a proposed haplography in the Hebrew explaining the MT's 1/X versus LXX's 1/XI in Gen 8,5.
Limitations
- The authors state that their "bold affirmation" that P invented the sabbatical calendar "certainly needs to be tested on the other chronological systems transmitted by Pg before it can be declared valid."
- The priority of the LXX dates over the MT is argued rather than demonstrated from manuscript evidence, and the haplography explanation for Gen 8,5 is presented as probable ("can easily explain"), not proven.
- The paper itself notes that the 364-day calendar develops a one-month discrepancy every 24 years and that no ancient calendar reflects the exact solar year; intercalation practice is inferred from the Zoroastrian calendar (first intercalation 505 BCE, next 441 BCE) rather than from direct evidence for P's calendar.
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Claims the paper makes
25 Own interpretation · 12 Sources not found · 8 No basis given
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The reduction of the first interval is compensated for by the lengthening of the following one by the same amount.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 3. Alteration of P's Original Chronology
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although there are no clues of intercalation relating to the Jubilee calendar, scholarship has supplied many suggestions to make up for the annual shortage compared to the solar calendar 24 .”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 4. Intercalation?
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The interval between the beginning of the Flood and the resting of the ark contradicts the twice-mentioned sum of 150 days.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 3. Alteration of P's Original Chronology
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Moreover, one episode of the flood is missing: the interval between the appearance of the mountaintops and the removal of the ark's cover, both events duly dated by passages commonly attributed to P 18 .”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 2.1
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To prove this, we notice that the LXX counts seven months between the resting of the ark and its opening (27/VII to 27/II).”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 2.1
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Now we notice that the 150-day interval between the resting of the ark and the appearance of the mountaintops contradicts both the MT and the LXX dates, since they amount to 152 or 162 days 19 .”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 2.1
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“The date corresponds to P's date of Moses' farewell (Deut 1,3).”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 3. Alteration of P's Original Chronology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Deut 1,3
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“• the LXX transmits the original Priestly dates.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 5.1 These findings have three consequences on the extant of the Priestly FN 28 :
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The introduction of the Egyptian system onto P's calendar is thus likely to correspond to the beginning of Ptolemaic rule over Palestine around 300 BCE.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 5.1 These findings have three consequences on the extant of the Priestly FN 28 :
hedgedstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
In the paper
“Although the 364-day calendar develops a one-month discrepancy every 24 years 26 , the marked tendency of this calendar to emancipate itself from natural phenomena like the lunar monthly cycle make it no less liable than other calendars to cope with the discrepancy.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 4. Intercalation?
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [26]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
- Probably not a substantial claim. 5
- It may state two separate claims as one. 16
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To this end, the fact that the whole FN lasts 6 x 6 weeks is probably significant.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 5.1 These findings have three consequences on the extant of the Priestly FN 28 :
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Then we notice that, according to the sabbatical calendar, the flood starts on Sunday while the ark rests on the next week-day, Monday, as if nothing had happened in between.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 2.1
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Consequently, each date always falls on the same day of the week, Sabbaths fall on the same dates every year 4 .”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 1. Introduction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The sabbatical calendar marks the end of Babylonian hegemony and turns a dark page in Jerusalem's past 34 .”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 5.1 These findings have three consequences on the extant of the Priestly FN 28 :
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [34]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“It does not seem too far-fetched to claim that these seven months reflect the seven days of Genesis 1, and thus the LXX would be more likely to transmit P's original date!”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 2.1
hedgedstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The removal of one whole month for the appearance of the mountaintops (1/XI > 1/X) has a different explanation, since the modification of the date provided by Gen 8,5 does not alter the overall chronology.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 3. Alteration of P's Original Chronology
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The aim of these 150 days is to impose the Egyptian calendar (12 x 30 + 5 supplementary days) 23 onto P's sabbatical calendar by altering the year's length to 360 days (150 + 150 + 60).”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 3. Alteration of P's Original Chronology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [23]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Moreover, the Zoroastrian calendar received its first intercalation in 505 BCE and the next one did not take effect before 441 BCE 27 .”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 4. Intercalation?
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [27]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“The flood thus starts on a Sunday (Gen 7,11) and the ark duly stops on Ararat on a Friday in order to respect the Sabbath (Gen 8,4) 6 .”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Gen 7,11
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites Gen 8,4
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Finally, if the seven months of re-creation of the FN belong to P's overall chronological system as much as the seven days of Genesis 1, P g may contain other indications of numerical symbolism which may in turn help us to recover the theological meaning of P g and even to provide extra criteria to delimitate its extant.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 5.1 These findings have three consequences on the extant of the Priestly FN 28 :
hedgedstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The calendar data provided by the creation week is supplemented by the FN to establish New Year's Day on Wednesday and to set the year's length at 364 days.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 5.1 These findings have three consequences on the extant of the Priestly FN 28 :
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Therefore, it seems a natural conclusion to claim that around 530 BCE, P was not simply the composer of Genesis 1 and of the rest of P g ; he also set up (and possibly invented) the sabbatical calendar that provides the chronological structure of the whole of P g .”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 5.1 These findings have three consequences on the extant of the Priestly FN 28 :
hedgedstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: P composed his narrative around 530 BCE.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The perfect seven-day structure of this calendar and its ability to provide a perpetual table of Sabbath dates suggest links with Genesis 1.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 1. Introduction
hedgedstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“This Jubilees calendar is also called 'sabbatical calendar' 2 because it is based on a 364-day year made up of exactly 52 weeks, with four seasons of equal length (91 days: 1 En 72,8-32; 82,4-6.11-20) 3 .”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites 1 En 72,8-32; 82,4-6.11-20
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The time count resumes as soon as the ark rests, and it takes exactly seven months to recreate life on the land.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 2.1
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The travels of the Patriarchs are also planned to respect the seventhday rest; during the Exodus the children of Israel do not start off or arrive on a Sabbath day (Ex 12,31; 16,1) 7 .”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Ex 12,31; 16,1
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“P g demonstrates a clear concern with symmetry precision and regularity.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 5.1 These findings have three consequences on the extant of the Priestly FN 28 :
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Cryer's first interval is contrived because it is built on the assumption that the flood started on 1/I, although Gen 7,6 only mentions that Noah was 600 years old when the flood came on the land.”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 2.1
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Gen 7,6
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
The paper relies on this without support.
P composed his narrative around 530 BCE.
“However, intercalation was not an issue for P when he composed his narrative around 530 BCE 25 .”
The paper relies on this without support.
No ancient calendar reflects the exact length of the solar year.
“After all no ancient calendar reflects the exact length of the solar year.”
The paper relies on this without support.
People know how to cope with using several calendars at the same time.
“People know to cope with using several calendars at the same time.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Jaubert's hypothesis has received little support.
“Otherwise, Jaubert's hypothesis has received little support.”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > 2.1
“Now we notice that the 150-day interval between the resting of the ark and the appearance of the mountaintops contradicts both the MT and the LXX dates, since they amount to 152 or 162 days 19 .”
§ Jubilee Calendar Rescued from the Flood Narrative* > NOTES
“Gen 8,4 Gen 8,5 | 17/VII 1/X | 75 = 13 + 30 +31 + 1 | 27/VII 1/XI | 95 = 3 + 30 + 31 + 30 + 1”
Citations
Cites
Chronology of the Ancient World
Welles, C. B., & Bickerman, E. J. (1969) · The American Journal of Philology · doi:10.2307/292646 · Cited by 279
Chronology of the ancient world
Bickerman, É. (1968) · doi:10.2307/4346691 · Cited by 136
The Library in Alexandria and the Bible in Greek
Collins, N. L. (2000) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789047400554 · Cited by 117
VanderKam, J. C. (2000) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004496927 · Cited by 51
The Narrative Style of the Priestly Writer
Coates, G. W., & McEvenue, S. (1972) · Journal of Biblical Literature · doi:10.2307/3263171 · Cited by 32
The Oxford companion to the year
(2000) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.37-4809 · Cited by 29
The Solar Calendar of Joseph and Asenath: a Suggestion
Beckwith, R. T. (1984) · Journal for the Study of Judaism · doi:10.1163/157006384x00051 · Cited by 24
VanderKam, J. C. (2000) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004496927_008 · Cited by 17
Wagenaar, J. A. (2003) · Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft · doi:10.1515/zatw.2003.005 · Cited by 8
The cultic and civil calendars of the fourth day of creation (Gen 1, 14b)∗
Vogels, W. A. (1997) · Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament · doi:10.1080/09018329708585113 · Cited by 5
Der priesterschriftliche Umgang mit der Jakobsgeschichte
Pury, A. D. (2000) · Schriftauslegung in der Schrift · doi:10.1515/9783110823806.33 · Cited by 4
The Genesis Calendar: The Synchronistic Tradition in Genesis 1-11
Gardner, B. K. (2001) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique) · Cited by 3
E. J. Bickerman, Chronology of the ancient world.
Rider, G. L. (1967) · Persée (Ministère de lEnseignement supérieur et de la Recherche) · Cited by 2
The Calendar of the Book of Jubilees and the Bible
Baumgarten, J. M. (1977) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004667471_011 · Cited by 2
Calendar and Chronology 1671–1685
Mckenzie, D. F., & Bell, M. (2005) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198181767.003.0001 · Cited by 2
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- R.T. Beckwith, Enoch Literature and its Calendar: Marks of their Origin, Dates, and Motivation, RdQ 39 (1981), 363-404 (383);
- F.H. Cryer, Gn 5,32; 11,10-11 & the Chronology of the Flood, Biblica 66 (1985), 241-261.
- F.H. Cryer, Gn 5,32; 11,10-11 & the Chronology of the Flood, Biblica 66 (1985), 241-261 (256). For a complete overview of the discussion and bibliography: VanderKam, Origin, 393-399.
- M. Rösel, Die Chronologie der Flut in Gen 7-8: Keine neuen textkritischen Lösungen, ZAW 110,4 (1998), 590-593 (593), considers that P relies on schematic months of 30 days and counts 75 days between the resting of the ark in on 17/VII (Gen 8,4) and the appearing of the mountaintops on 1/X (Gen 8,5). To find 75 days between 17/VII and 1/X with only 30-day months, it is necessary to also count the first day (17 th ) as a whole day (14 + 30 + 30 + ). This is hardly acceptable if one counts 150 days between 17/II and 17/VII (13 [instead of 14] + 30 + 30 + 30 + 30 + 17).
- Ph. Guillaume, Genesis 1 as Charter of a Revolutionary Calendar, ThR 24/2 (2003), 141-148.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A 360-Day Administrative Year in Ancient Israel: Judahite Portable Calendars and the Flood Account
Ben-Dov, J. (2021) · Harvard Theological Review · doi:10.1017/s0017816021000298 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Najm, S., & Guillaume, P.
- Affiliations
- Near East School of Theology (LB)
- ORCID
- Najm, S.
- Venue
- The Journal of Hebrew Scriptures
- Publisher
- University of Alberta Libraries
- Published
- 2005-12-31
- Volume
- 5
- ISSN
- 1203-1542 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2034428842
- Semantic Scholar
- 6a455ee3b1a562a7950a0dbab572f9b198855b0a
- Cited by
- 0
- References
- 13
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Hebrew Scriptures (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Religious studies › Biblical Studies and Interpretation
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Historical Astronomy and Related Studies
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Ancient Near East History
- Keywords
- 364-day calendar, flood narrative, Genesis 1, Genesis 7, Genesis 11, Dead Sea Scrolls, Book of Enoch, Book of Jubilees, Babylonian exile, calendar origins, number seven
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-23, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-23 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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