Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) as a Novel Indicator of Arterial Stiffness: Theory, Evidence and Perspectives
Open accessAbstract
The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a new index of the overall stiffness of the artery from the origin of the aorta to the ankle. The most conspicuous feature of CAVI is its independence of blood pressure at the time of measurement.CAVI increases with age and in many arteriosclerotic diseases, such as coronary artery disease, carotid arteriosclerosis, chronic kidney disease and cerebrovascular disease, and is related to many coronary risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and smoking. Furthermore, CAVI decreases by controlling diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and also by abstaining from smoking. This suggests that CAVI is a physiological surrogate marker of athero- or arteriosclerosis, and also might be an indicator of lifestyle modification.Recently, it has been reported that CAVI and several left ventricular functions are co-related, suggesting a connection between the heart muscle and vascular function.This review covers the principles of CAVI and our current knowledge about CAVI, focusing on its roles and future outlook.
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CAVI increases with age.
“The CAVI increases with age28), and patients with cerebral infarction, CVD29), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and vasculitis have high CAVI values.”
From Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) guidelines for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases 2017 (2018) · cites this paper as [28]
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References 70 · Cited by 458
Research works printed but not linked: 4
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- Takaki A, Ogawa H, Wakeyama T, Iwami T, Kimura M, Hadano Y, Matsuda S, Miyazaki Y, Matsuda T, Hiratsuka A, Matsuzaki M: Cardio-ankle vascular index is a new noninvasive parameter of arterial stiffness. Circ J, 2007; 71: 1710-1714
- Takaki A, Ogawa H, Wakeyama T, Iwami T, Kimura M, Hadano Y, Matsuda S, Miyazaki Y, Hiratsuka A, Matsuzaki M: Cardio-ankle vascular index is superior to brachial- ankle pulse wave velocity as an index of arterial stiffness. Hypertens Res, 2008; 31: 1347-1355
- Authors
- Shirai, K., Hiruta, N., Song, M., Kurosu, T., Suzuki, J., Tomaru, T., Miyashita, Y., Saiki, A., Takahashi, M., Suzuki, K., & Takata, M.
- Affiliations
- Toho University (JP)
- Internal Medicine, Sakura Hospital, School of Medicine, Toho University.
- Japan Labor and Welfare Association.
- Internal Medicine, Toyama Teishin Hospital.
- Venue
- Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis
- Publisher
- Japan Atherosclerosis Society
- Published
- 2011
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 924-938
- ISSN
- 1340-3478 (ISSN-L)
- 1880-3873
- OpenAlex
- W2062853571
- Cited by
- 458
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 4.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Elasticity and Material Modeling
- Keywords
- cardio-ankle vascular index, arterial stiffness, aortic stiffness, arteriosclerosis, coronary artery disease, carotid arteriosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, left ventricular function, cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle modification
- MeSH terms
- Ankle, Arteries, Humans, Vascular Stiffness
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