The DOI matches its Crossref record; 68 of the 68 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 3 of the 52 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Methodology of Comparative Legal Research
Open accessAbstract
Methodology of Comparative Legal Research: In this paper, an attempt is made to work out a methodology for comparative legal research, which goes beyond the ‘functional method’ or methodological scepticism. The starting point is the idea that we need a ‘toolbox’, not a fixed methodological road map, and that a lot of published, but largely unnoticed, research outside rule and case oriented comparative law offers varying approaches, which could usefully be applied in comparative research. Six methods have been identified: the functional method, the structural one, the analytical one, the law-in-context method, the historical method, and the common core method. Basically, it is the aim of the research and the research question that will determine which methods could be useful. Moreover, different methods may be combined, as they are complementary and not mutually exclusive.This paper focuses on scholarly comparative legal research, not on the use of foreign law by legislators or courts, but, of course, the methodological questions and answers will largely overlap.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
133 Own interpretation · 29 Sources not found · 19 No full text of the sources · 4 No basis given · 1 Supported · 1 Partly supported · 1 Couldn’t confirm · 1 Own result · accuracy not yet measured
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“The import of European family law in most African countries during colonization times, and kept after that, is a clear example of failed transplants because of a quite different cultural context”
§ Law and Method 1 Methodology of Comparative Legal Research > 7. Conclusion
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Van Hoecke 2012
The Introduction (page unavailable) says legal transfers often failed because they did not fit local legal culture and identifies European-to-African family law as its subject. Sections 3 and 5 describe colonial family-law transfers persisting after decolonisation alongside customary family law in most African countries; the discussion of tensions between state and customary law gives examples of imported rules failing in practice. (LLM, conf=0.88)
boostedstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“It is true that legal systems can only be correctly understood in their own language, from their own internal perspective”
§ Law and Method 1 Methodology of Comparative Legal Research > 6. Tertium comparationis
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Valcke 2012 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Conclusion (page unavailable) says that understanding legal systems on their own terms entails taking the perspective of their actors. It does not say they must be understood in their own language, and the Preliminaries (page unavailable) expressly allows external perspectives for other kinds of analysis. The citing sentence therefore makes the internal viewpoint more exclusive than the source does. (LLM, conf=0.84)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
A result the paper states — it cites no source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When using this criterion, it would bring together countries such as the United Kingdom ('The Queen owns all land'), the Democratic Republic of Congo (citizens may obtain an 'eternal' concession on the land, companies and foreigners only a concession for 25 years), and the People's Republic of China (the state owns all land, but not necessarily the buildings built on it).”
§ Law and Method 1 Methodology of Comparative Legal Research > 4.2. The structural method
hedgedstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Moreover, different methods may be combined, as they are complementary and not mutually”
- Also stated in: § 4. How does one compare? · plain
“The different 'methods' discussed hereafter are not mutually exclusive.”
§ Law and Method 1 Methodology of Comparative Legal Research > Abstract
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § 4. How does one compare? · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In all those cases, lack of sociological inquiries may lead to a completely distorted view on the law in a foreign country.”
§ Law and Method 1 Methodology of Comparative Legal Research > 3. What has to be compared?
hedgedstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 47
- Probably not a substantial claim. 122
Create a free account to see these claims.
Create a free account to see these assumptions.
45 more claims
Create a free account to see all 189 claims and every source verdict.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Law and Method 1 Methodology of Comparative Legal Research > 4.5. The historical method
“Actually, the historical method is just one part of the 'law-in-context method', the context being here the historical origins of the present-day laws, which are compared.”
§ Law and Method 1 Methodology of Comparative Legal Research > 7. Conclusion
“In this paper, I have tried to identify six methods which have been used in comparative research, in a broad sense, until now and which cannot be reduced to each other.”
Citations
Cites
(1961) · Cited by 3,562
An Introduction to Comparative Law
Fleming, J. G., Zweigert, K., Kötz, H. D., & Weir, T. (1978) · The American Journal of Comparative Law · doi:10.2307/839818 · Cited by 1,012
Legal Irritants: Good Faith in British Law or How Unifying Law Ends Up in New Divergencies
Teubner, G. (1998) · The Modern Law Review · doi:10.1111/1468-2230.00125 · Cited by 569
Raz, J. (1980) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198253631.001.0001 · Cited by 425
Law in books and law in action
DiMatteo, L. A. (2023) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781803929606.00028 · Cited by 394
An Introduction to Comparative Law
von Mehren, A. T., Weir, T., Zweigert, K., et al. (1988) · The American Journal of Comparative Law · doi:10.2307/840281 · Cited by 375
The Functional Method of Comparative Law
Michaels, R. (2006) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199296064.013.0011 · Cited by 374
(1925) · M. Hueber eBooks · Cited by 361
Legal Formants: A Dynamic Approach to Comparative Law (Installment I of II)
Sacco, R. (1991) · The American Journal of Comparative Law · doi:10.2307/840669 · Cited by 342
Anthropology of Law: A Comparative Theory.
Pipkin, R. M., & Pospisil, L. J. (1972) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2576151 · Cited by 299
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- [6]6. Atiyah & Summers 1987 P.S. Atiyah & R.S.Summers, Form and Substance in Anglo-American Law, Oxford: Clar- endon Press 1987.
- [31]31. R. Pound, 'What May We Expect from Comparative Law?', American Bar Association Journal 1936-22, p. 56-60.
- [35]35. R. Reed, 'Foreign Precedents and Judicial Reasoning: The American Debate and Brit- ish Practice', Law Quarterly Review 2008, p. 253-273.
Cited by
Crypto assets regulation in the UK: an assessment of the regulatory effectiveness and consistency
Huang, S. S. (2021) · Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance · doi:10.1108/jfrc-06-2020-0062 · Cited by 33
Sabiiti, O. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108914741.010 · Cited by 26
Public Procurement for the Circular Economy: a Comparative Study of Sweden and Spain
Giné, L. F., Vanacore, E., & Hunka, A. D. (2022) · Circular Economy and Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s43615-022-00150-4 · Cited by 21
“It is sustained by some sectors of the doctrine that legal comparative research can be viewed as a method in its own right [33], and that”
MethodUpaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Teknik Dasar Passing Futsal Menggunakan Metode Drill
Sugiarto, T., Tomi, A., & Fauzi, I. A. (2022) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v2i32020p210-214 · Cited by 16
Mapping out BIM Contract Conditions by Way of a Comparative Study
Ho, P. H. K. (2020) · Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction · doi:10.1061/(asce)la.1943-4170.0000446 · Cited by 16
W(h)ither the Indian Act? How Statutory Law Is Rewriting Canada’s Settler Colonial Formation
Collis, S. (2021) · Annals of the American Association of Geographers · doi:10.1080/24694452.2021.1919500 · Cited by 17
Artificial Intelligence in the Tourism Industry: A privacy impasse
Putera, N. S. F. M. S., Saripan, H., Bajury, M. S. M., & Ya’cob, S. N. (2022) · Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal · doi:10.21834/ebpj.v7isi7.3812 · Cited by 17
Copyright Content Moderation in the EU: An Interdisciplinary Mapping AnalysisPreprint
Quintais, J. P., Mezei, P., Harkai, I., et al. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4210278 · Cited by 13
Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Aboagye, E. M., Effah, K. O., & Mensah, F. (2022) · Journal on Innovation and Sustainability RISUS · doi:10.23925/2179-3565.2022v13i4p135-145 · Cited by 12
Indonesia’s personal data protection bill, 2020: does it meet the needs of the new digital economy?
Rosadi, S. D., Noviandika, A., Walters, R. J., et al. (2022) · International Review of Law Computers & Technology · doi:10.1080/13600869.2022.2114660 · Cited by 11
Digital Gold or Digital Security? Unravelling the Legal Fabric of Decentralised Digital Assets
Watters, C. (2023) · Commodities · doi:10.3390/commodities2040020 · Cited by 11
“…recent cases involving the cate-gorisation of decentralized digital assets, [35–37] the standard approach for most legal scholarship, along with a comparative analysis [35,38–42] examining cases, statutes, and the literature from multiple jurisdictions to propose a basic common taxonomy for DDAs.”
Backgroundvan der Baaren, L., & Vink, M. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3979808 · Cited by 11
Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Pada Kelas Rendah Sekolah Dasar
Fadhullah, R., & Wiguno, L. T. H. (2022) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v2i82020p401-414 · Cited by 10
Survei Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan Jasmani di SMA, MA dan SMK
Saputro, T., Kurniawan, A. W., & Yudasmara, D. S. (2022) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v2i92020p456-463 · Cited by 9
Siems, M., & Yap, P. J. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108914741.003 · Cited by 9
The moral hazard of conditionality: Restoring the integrity of social security law
McKeever, G., & Walsh, T. (2020) · Australian Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1002/ajs4.101 · Cited by 9
A Comparative Analysis of Cyberbullying and Cyberstalking Laws in the UAE, US, UK and Canada
Hosani, H. A., Yousef, M., Shouq, S. A., et al. (2019) · IEEE/ACS International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA) · doi:10.1109/aiccsa47632.2019.9035368 · Cited by 9
“These countries are ideal for this study as all relevant documentation is available in English, and they include legislation as well as progressive changes made to their laws over time [56].”
BackgroundPengembangan Model Pembelajaran Kebugaran Jasmani Dengan Modifikasi Permainan Pada Siswa Kelas VIII
Prayoga, G. A. N., Heynoek, F. P., & Yudasmara, D. S. (2022) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v2i102020p500-510 · Cited by 11
Bridging the citizenship law implementation gap: a typology for comparative analysis
van der Baaren, L. (2024) · Comparative Migration Studies · doi:10.1186/s40878-023-00359-8 · Cited by 8
“Some of the methodological directions within comparative law are used for comparison between legal systems (e.g. the structural comparative legal method) (Van Hoecke, 2015).”
BackgroundMighfaruddin, M., Januarto, O. B., & Fitriady, G. (2022) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v2i72020p340-349 · Cited by 7
“Untuk mendapatkan pengumpulan data perlu adanya instrumen yang digunakan, dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengambilan data berdasarkan pendapat dari Van Hoecke (2016) yang menyatakan bahwa teknik pengumpulan data dapat dilakukan dengan observasi (pengamatan), interview (wawancara), kuisioner (angket), dokument…”
BackgroundInfluentialUnresolved Injustice: An Examination of Indigenous Legal Issues in Australia
Asher, R. (2020) · Udayana Journal of Law and Culture · doi:10.24843/ujlc.2020.v04.i02.p02 · Cited by 7
ÖNORM B 2203-1 as a Supplement to FIDIC Emerald Book in Conventional Tunnel Construction
Melnyk, O., Raab, J., & Lulei, F. (2023) · Buildings · doi:10.3390/buildings13071837 · Cited by 7
Kusik, P. (2024) · Perspectives · doi:10.1080/0907676x.2024.2331189 · Cited by 6
“These primarily include different comparative law methods – or the comparatist’s ‘pluralist toolbox’ (Van Hoecke, 2015, pp. 28–29), from which legal translators can freely and eclectically borrow approaches (Engberg, 2020, p. 276).”
Warda, R., Purnhagen, K. P., & Molitorisová, M. (2024) · Journal of Consumer Policy · doi:10.1007/s10603-024-09571-0 · Cited by 7
“We merged doctrinal legal research with empirical insights garnered through expert interviews, embodying an interdisciplinary comparative approach to regulation (compare Hutchinson 2015; Purnhagen et al. 2021; van Hoecke 2015).”
González-Sancha, R., García, D. M., Duarte-Pinheiro, M., et al. (2022) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109696 · Cited by 6
PENINGKATAN SOFT SKILL PROPOSAL PENELITIAN BAGI MAHASISWA NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Michael, T. (2019) · JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) · doi:10.31764/jmm.v2i1.1336 · Cited by 6
Common Contexts of Meaning in the European Legal Setting: Opening Pandora’s box?
Ioriatti, E. (2022) · International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique · doi:10.1007/s11196-022-09919-0 · Cited by 6
Husa, J. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108914741.004 · Cited by 6
Biel, Ł. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108914741.008 · Cited by 5
The adversity on establishing places of worship: has religious freedom failed in Indonesia?
Arifin, R., Helmi, H., Nte, N. D., et al. (2021) · Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum LEGALITY · doi:10.22219/ljih.v29i1.15317 · Cited by 5
Pilihan Materi Pembelajaran Guru Pjok SMA dalam Memenuhi Tuntutan Kompetensi Dasar Kurikulum 2013
Diharjo, M. Z., & Wiguno, L. T. H. (2021) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v3i32021p98-106 · Cited by 5
“Law and Method. https://doi.org/10.5553/rem/.000010 Vanevenhoven, J., & Liguori, E. (2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialExplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): A reason to believe?
Adamson, G. (2022) · Law in context · doi:10.26826/law-in-context.v37i3.177 · Cited by 7
Governing Platform Recommender Systems in Europe: Insights from China
Reviglio, U., & Santoni, G. (2023) · Global Jurist · doi:10.1515/gj-2023-0013 · Cited by 7
Kusik, P. (2023) · Comparative Legilinguistics · doi:10.14746/cl.56.2023.3 · Cited by 5
Interculturalidad, protección de la naturaleza y construcción de paz
Pavani, G., & Bagni, S. (2020) · Editorial Universidad del Rosario eBooks · doi:10.12804/tj9789587844535 · Cited by 10
Introduction: Mapping the Pluralist Character of Cultural Approaches to Law
Olson, G. (2017) · German Law Journal · doi:10.1017/s2071832200021933 · Cited by 5
Upaya Peningkatan Pukulan Backhand Clear Bulutangkis Menggunakan Metode Drill
Anggraini, Y., Januarto, O. B., & Kurniawan, R. (2022) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v2i92020p440-445 · Cited by 5
“In Enabling Access: Effective Teaching and Learning for Pupils with Learning Difficulties. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315067780-12 Van Hoecke, M. (2016).”
BackgroundInfluentialSiddiq, I. A., & Wiguno, L. T. H. (2022) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v4i52022p444-454 · Cited by 4
Entre la necesidad y la finalidad de comparar en la investigación jurídica.
Spina, E. L. (2024) · Anales de la Cátedra Francisco Suárez · doi:10.30827/acfs.v58i.28723 · Cited by 6
Luong, H. T. (2019) · International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science · doi:10.26483/ijarcs.v10i3.6414 · Cited by 4
“Accordingly, comparative law or comparative legal research is a process of comparing rules of law of different systems [20].”
BackgroundInfluentialYoutubers menores de edad y sus riesgos frente a los vacíos legales en México
Plascencia, D. R., González, R. M. A., & Tapiero, J. I. M. (2022) · Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación · doi:10.14198/medcom.20781 · Cited by 4
Arifin, S. (2022) · Human Rights in the Global South (HRGS) · doi:10.56784/hrgs.v1i2.12 · Cited by 4
ANÁLISE COMPARADA DE ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENFRENTAMENTO A "REVENGE PORN" PELO MUNDO
Neris, N., Ruiz, J. P., & Valente, M. G. (2018) · Revista Brasileira de Políticas Públicas · doi:10.5102/rbpp.v7i3.4940 · Cited by 4
Survei Gerak Dasar Lokomotor dan Manipulatif Siswa Kelas IV SD
Mashudi, A., & Nurrochmah, S. (2022) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v2i82020p415-421 · Cited by 4
Big Law, Big Data. Special Issue - Comparative Law
Goanță, C. (2017) · Law and Method · doi:10.5553/rem/.000029 · Cited by 4
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Pencak Silat untuk Materi Seni Jurus Tunggal Bagi Ekstrakurikuler
Islamiyah, R. (2021) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v3i12021p1-7 · Cited by 4
van den Brink, Y. N. (2021) · International journal of law, crime and justice · doi:10.1016/j.ijlcj.2021.100487 · Cited by 4
Access to personal data in public land registers
Berlee, A. (2018) · doi:10.26481/dis.20180302ab · Cited by 4
Putera, N. S. F. M. S., Abdullah, S. M., Rahman, N. A., Hassan, R. A., Saripan, H., & Haryanto, I. (2021) · Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal · doi:10.21834/ebpj.v6i16.2635 · Cited by 3
Ruíz, A., Martín, Y.-S., Martinez, J., et al. (2022) · Software & Systems Modeling · doi:10.1007/s10270-022-01061-6 · Cited by 3
“Also, legal doctrine is an “empirical-hermeneutical dis-cipline” [37], at which core lays human interpretation.”
BackgroundAburas, R., & Devereaux, M. (2017) · Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.4236/ojog.2017.78080 · Cited by 3
“Still, cases do exist whereby the mother does not [4].”
BackgroundMethodHungler, S. (2022) · Hungarian Journal of Legal Studies · doi:10.1556/2052.2022.00339 · Cited by 3
“30Van Hoecke (2011); Van Hoecke (2015) 16–18; Van Hoecke and Warrington (1998).”
BackgroundInfluentialCalado, H., Vergílio, M. H. D. S., Moniz, F., et al. (2023) · MARE publication series · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-20740-2_7 · Cited by 3
TRANSFORMATIVE JUSTICE, PROTECTION OF CONSUMER PERSONAL DATA IN ONLINE LOAN BUSINESS IN INDONESIA
Poernomo, S. L. (2023) · Russian Law Journal · doi:10.52783/rlj.v11i3.1196 · Cited by 3
“The research used in this research process uses a type of normative legal research (Van Hoecke, 2016).”
MethodSafiranita, T., Muttaqin, Z., Sukarsa, D. E., et al. (2021) · Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University · doi:10.35741/issn.0258-2724.56.5.7 · Cited by 3
Purwanti, A., Wijaningsih, D., & Setiawan, F. A. (2019) · Jurnal Dinamika Hukum · doi:10.20884/1.jdh.2019.19.2.2546 · Cited by 3
The Admissibility of Unlawfully Obtained Evidence before International Courts and Tribunals
Fallah, S. M. (2020) · The Law and Practice of International Courts and Tribunals · doi:10.1163/15718034-12341420 · Cited by 3
Comparative International Arbitration Law
Ali, S. F. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108914741.036 · Cited by 2
Ritonga, A. F. R., & Faisal, F. (2024) · Law Jurnal · doi:10.46576/lj.v5i1.5772 · Cited by 2
Mitigating carbon leakage in maritime transport
Kotzampasakis, M., & Wooley, D. R. (2025) · WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs · doi:10.1007/s13437-025-00390-9 · Cited by 2
Characteristics of modern budget legal regulation in China
Trofimov, A. А. (2020) · Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University Law · doi:10.21638/spbu14.2020.410 · Cited by 2
Can we use non-transparent artificial intelligence technologies for legal purposes?
Adamson, G. (2020) · IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) · doi:10.1109/istas50296.2020.9462204 · Cited by 2
Karşılaştırmalı Hukuk Araştırmalarında Yöntem
Arslan, Ç. D. (2021) · Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları dergisi · doi:10.33433/maruhad.983705 · Cited by 2
Legal Cultures: Combining Diversity and Structure
Koch, S., & Kjølstad, M. M. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-27745-0_1 · Cited by 2
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR NOTARY THAT DOESN'T ATTACH LETTER AND DOCUMENT TO MINUTA DEED
al., M. W. D. E. (2023) · Russian Law Journal · doi:10.52783/rlj.v11i3.1197 · Cited by 2
Exit tax adoption to protect Indonesia’s tax base
Fachrizal, S., & Hanum, I. U. (2024) · Scientax · doi:10.52869/st.v5i2.449 · Cited by 2
“When one tries to improve one’s legal system, be it as a legislator or as a scholar, it has become apparent to look at the other side of the borders (Van Hoecke, 2015).”
BackgroundLegal Regulation of Surrogacy in Poland and Ukraine – a Comparative Analysis
Sarnacka, E., & Демченко, І. (2024) · Review of European and Comparative Law · doi:10.31743/recl.17247 · Cited by 2
Liu, W., Hung, P.-C., Vandergeest, P., et al. (2024) · Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture · doi:10.1080/23308249.2024.2436415 · Cited by 2
van Toor, D. (2017) · Law and Method · doi:10.5553/rem/.000027 · Cited by 2
Siliquini-Cinelli, L. (2020) · International Journal of Law in Context · doi:10.1017/s1744552320000439 · Cited by 5
Do South Africa’s e-commerce VAT rules measure up to international trends and OECD guidelines?
Loffstadt, A., Ndlovu, J., & Padia, M. (2023) · Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences · doi:10.4102/jef.v16i1.815 · Cited by 2
Survei Kondisi Fisik Atlet Pencak Silat Persaudaraan Setia Hati Terate
Arifin, A., Amiq, F., & Fitriady, G. (2022) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v2i82020p395-400 · Cited by 2
Cahyanti, F. D., & Hariyanto, E. (2021) · Sport Science and Health · doi:10.17977/um062v3i32021p133-141 · Cited by 4
Direct Democracy and the Rights of Sexual Minorities
Bari, M. D. (2021) · Direito Público · doi:10.11117/rdp.v18i98.5848 · Cited by 2
Kamara, I., & Kamara, I. (2021) · doi:10.5040/9781509941780.ch-004 · Cited by 2
Regulating Offshore Electricity Infrastructure in the North Sea: Towards a New Legal Framework
Nieuwenhout, C. (2020) · doi:10.33612/diss.136543296 · Cited by 2
A Macro-Level Investigation of Transatlantic Controlling Shareholder’s Fiduciary Duty
Anidjar, L. Y. (2020) · Legal Studies · doi:10.1017/lst.2021.40 · Cited by 1
Natural semantic (legal?) metalanguage. What can legal theory learn from Anna Wierzbicka?
Zeifert, M. (2023) · De Gruyter eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783110799651-010 · Cited by 1
The Renewing of Usul al-Fiqh: Challenges, Limitations and Future Directions
Bakar, A. A., & Sahman, S. (2024) · Indonesian Journal of Islamic Economic Law · doi:10.23917/ijoel.v1i2.5334 · Cited by 1
Rights of nature as an alternative or a complement to existing environmental protection
Suárez, J. (2024) · The Opole Studies in Administration and Law · doi:10.25167/osap.5340 · Cited by 1
“…capacity or potential of the explicit content of rights of nature provisions to enhance or even replace existing environmental protection, then the normative question about how rights of nature can achieve their desired result can only be answered by a normative judgment (Van Houcke 2015: 1–35).”
BackgroundInfluentialGoverning blue carbon ecosystems: a transnational environmental law analysis
Zhang, X., Bai, Y., & Cao, L. (2026) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2026.1754665 · Cited by 2
“This work is crucial in identifying speci fi c political and social determinants of long-term success or failure (Van Rooij & Sokol, 2021).”
InfluentialComparative Rights Jurisprudence: An Essay on Methodologies. Special Issue - Comparative Law
Tourkochoriti, I. (2017) · Law and Method · doi:10.5553/rem/.000030 · Cited by 1
“To a large extent the methods that can be helpful to a comparative legal research depend on the research question and the goal of the researcher (cf. Van Hoecke 2015, p. 1; Valcke 2012; Smits 2012; Paris 2016, p. 41).”
BackgroundMethodNeke metodološke dileme u uporednom poreskom pravu
Popović, D. B., & Ilić–Popov, G. (2021) · Anali Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu · doi:10.51204/anali_pfbu_21301a · Cited by 1
MENELAAH ASPEK YURIDIS PAJAK E-COMMERCE SEBAGAI LANGKAH EFEKTIF OPTIMALISASI PENERIMAAN NEGARA
Ramadayanti, E., Ramli, T. S., & Muttaqin, Z. (2022) · Citizen Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia · doi:10.53866/jimi.v2i1.50 · Cited by 1
Hapsari, M. A., & Pratiwi, W. B. (2022) · doi:10.2991/978-2-494069-65-7_9 · Cited by 1
The Expanding Methodological Toolbox of the ECHR Scholar
Gerards, J. H., Erken, E., & Loven, C. (2023) · Law and Method · doi:10.5553/rem/.000072 · Cited by 1
Passchier, R., & Stremler, M. (2023) · International Journal of Law in Context · doi:10.1017/s1744552323000034 · Cited by 1
Coendet, T. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108914741.006 · Cited by 1
Legal methods of comparative research: the latest role in the conditions of globalization processes
Kopcha, V. V. (2024) · Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence · doi:10.24144/2788-6018.2024.01.122 · Cited by 1
Asrin, A., Sudirman, S., Makki, M., et al. (2024) · Revista de educación y derecho · doi:10.1344/reyd2024.29.44780 · Cited by 1
Acquisitive Prescription/Adverse Possession: Turkish and Chinese Legal Systems
Didin, D. B., & Luo, Y. (2025) · Yıldırım Beyazıt Hukuk Dergisi · doi:10.33432/ybuhukuk.1575128 · Cited by 1
Ruiz, J. P., Valente, M. G., & Neris, N. (2018) · Sociología y Tecnociencia · doi:10.24197/st.1.2019.9-27 · Cited by 1
INDUSTRIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT: ANALYSIS OF THE SCREENING PROCESS IN ARGENTINA
Instituto de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario, U. N. D. M. D. P. C. D. I. C., Barilari, A., Massone, H., et al. (2020) · Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental · doi:10.20937/rica.2020.36.53492 · Cited by 1
“This approach has been used in a vast number of papers and it is recommended when necessary to identify similarities and differences in various analysis units (AU) (Makón 2004, Pérez Liñán 2008, Van Hoecke 2015).”
MethodCorporate Social Responsibility Settings in Indonesia and India As A Comparison
Yunari, S. B. (2020) · International Conference of Science Management Art Research Technology (IC-SMART) · doi:10.31098/ic-smart.v1i1.40 · Cited by 1
“The CSR law materials are in the form of legislation, references, study results, and articles obtained from library studies in both countries, subsequently prescriptively analyzed, employing comparative approach as an instrument of learning and knowledge’ (Mark Van Hoecke 2015).”
MethodThe methodologist for regulation a new policy of ship recycling in Indonesia based on HKC 2009
Prabowo, H. (2019) · Maritime Commons The Digital Repository of World Maritime University (World Maritime University) · Cited by 1
Kamara, I. (2020) · doi:10.31228/osf.io/82un9 · Cited by 1
Mæhle, S. S. (2017) · Law and Method · doi:10.5553/rem/.000022
Blom, H. (2018) · Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)
Restrictive Measures on Rice Trade in ASEAN: Problems and Solutions
Ahamat, H., & Anshori, M. R. A. (2019) · International Conference on Islamic Development Studies (ICIDS) · doi:10.4108/eai.10-9-2019.2289452
“Comparative law research allows similarities and differences between the laws of more than one jurisdiction or two or more legal systems to be detected [5].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Van Hoecke, M.
- Venue
- Recht en Methode in onderzoek en onderwijs
- Publisher
- Koninklijke Boom uitgevers
- Published
- 2015-12
- ISSN
- 2212-2508 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2304212401
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 50.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Recht en Methode in onderzoek en onderwijs (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Law › Comparative and International Law Studies
- Social Sciences › Law › Legal Studies and Policies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Comparative Analysis Research
- Keywords
- functional methods, structural method, analytical methods, historical method, research questions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-01, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-01 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
