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Sleep Duration and Insulin Resistance in Healthy Black and White Adolescents
Open accessAbstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Poor sleep may play a role in insulin resistance and diabetes risk. Yet few studies of sleep and insulin resistance have focused on the important developmental period of adolescence. To address this gap, we examined the association of sleep and insulin resistance in healthy adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Community setting in one high school. PARTICIPANTS: 245 (137 African Americans, 116 males) high school students. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Participants provided a fasting blood draw and kept a sleep log and wore a wrist actigraph for one week during the school year. Participants' families were from low to middle class based on family Hollingshead scores. Total sleep time across the week averaged 7.4 h by diary and 6.4 h by actigraph; homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance ([HOMA-IR] unadjusted) averaged 4.13. Linear regression analyses adjusted for age, race, gender, body mass index, and waist circumference showed that the shorter the sleep, the higher the HOMA-IR, primarily due to sleep duration during the week. No evidence was found for long sleep being associated with elevated HOMA-IR. Fragmented sleep was not associated with HOMA-IR but was associated with glucose levels. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced sleep duration is associated with HOMA-IR in adolescence. Long sleep duration is not associated. Interventions to extend sleep duration may reduce diabetes risk in youth.
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“Additionally, there is robust evidence linking short sleep duration to impaired glucose metabolism.”
From Sleep: important considerations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (2016) · cites this paper as [191]
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“For instance, in adolescents, sleep reduction is associated with measurable changes in insulin sensitivity,45 whereas durations of sleep longer than average are not associated with such changes.”
From Sleep Deprivation and Circadian Disruption (2015) · cites this paper as [45]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Matthews, K. A., Dahl, R. E., Owens, J. F., Lee, L., & Hall, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Corresponding author
- Matthews, Karen A.
- Venue
- SLEEP
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2012-10
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1353-1358
- ISSN
- 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-9109
- PMC
- PMC3443761
- OpenAlex
- W2005989015
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 20.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- SLEEP (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL025767, R01HL025767)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- sleep duration, insulin resistance, adolescents, African American adolescents, racial differences, diabetes risk, HOMA-IR, sleep fragmentation, glucose concentration, actigraphy, sleep diary
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Black or African American, Blood Glucose, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Male, Sleep, Sleep Deprivation, Time Factors, Black People, White People, Actigraphy
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