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Cited by 43Tuberculosis Research and EpidemiologyMycobacterium research and diagnosisInfectious Diseases and Tuberculosis

Pathophysiological Implications of Cell Envelope Structure in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Related Taxa

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Minnikin, David E., Lee, Oona Y-C., Wu, Houdini H.T., Nataraj, Vijayashankar, Donoghue, Helen D., Ridell, Malin, Watanabe, Motoko, Alderwick, Luke +2 more·2015·Tuberculosis - Expanding Knowledge
DOI 10.5772/59585
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Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis has a cell envelope incorporating a peptidoglycan-linked arabinogalactan esterified by long-chain mycolic acids. A range of “free” lipids are associated with the “bound” mycolic acids, producing an effective envelope outer membrane. The distribution of these lipids is discontinuous among mycobacteria and such lipids have proven potential for biomarker use in tracing the evolution of tuberculosis. A plausible evolutionary scenario involves progression from an environmental organism, such as Mycobacterium kansasii, through intermediate “smooth” tubercle bacilli, labelled “Mycobacterium canettii”; cell envelope lipid composition possibly correlates with such a progression. M. kansasii and “M. canettii” have characteristic lipooligosaccharides, associated with motility and biofilms, and glycosyl phenolphthiocerol dimycocerosates (“phenolic glycolipids”). Both these lipid classes are absent in modern M. tuberculosis sensu stricto, though simplified phenolic glycolipids remain in certain current biotypes. Dimycocerosates of the phthiocerol family are restricted to smaller phthiodiolone diesters in M. kansasii. Diacyl and pentaacyl trehaloses are present in “M. canettii” and M. tuberculosis, where they are accompanied by related sulfated acyl trehaloses. In comparison with environmental mycobacteria, subtle modifications in mycolic acid structures in “M. canettii” and M. tuberculosis are notable. The probability of essential tuberculosis evolution taking place in Pleistocene megafauna, rather than Homo sapiens, is reemphasised.

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  • The mycomembrane inner leaflet is made of mycolic acids covalently attached to the underlying arabinogalactan of the arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan matrix.

    “The inner leaflet is made of mycolic acids covalently attached to the underlying arabinogalactan of the arabinogalactan–peptidoglycan matrix8”

    From The mycobacterial cell envelope — a moving target (2020) · cites this paper as [8]

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Authors
Minnikin, D. E., Lee, O. Y.-C., Wu, H. H. T., Nataraj, V., Donoghue, H. D., Ridell, M., Watanabe, M., Alderwick, L., Bhatt, A., & Besra, G. S.
Affiliations
  • University of Birmingham (GB)
  • University College London (GB)
  • University of Gothenburg (SE)
  • Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences (JP)
Corresponding author
Minnikin, David E.
ORCID
Venue
Tuberculosis - Expanding Knowledge
Publisher
InTech
Published
2015-07-08
DOI
10.5772/59585
OpenAlex
W1577815918
Cited by
43
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2
FWCI
24.56
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • InTech eBooks (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • BiblioBoard Library Catalog (Open Research Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
  • Contact-less Assessment of In-vivo Body Signals Using Microwave Doppler Radar (InTech) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Leverhulme Trust (F/00 094/BL)
  • Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
Keywords
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, cell envelope, mycolic acids, arabinogalactan, lipooligosaccharide, phenolic glycolipids, trehalose, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium canettii, biomarkers, biofilm, mycobacterial taxonomy

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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