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Sartre's two ethics: from authenticity to integral humanity
Abstract
It is well-known that Sartre's thought developed from an incomplete, abstract, and individualistic concept of human reality, human freedom, and their relation to the world, to a more concrete and richer understanding of the human being, its freedom, the power of circumstances, and the social-political nature of human existence. It is less widely recognised that there is a parallel progression in Sartre's moral thinking, from an abstract, idealistic ethics of authenticity to a more concrete, realistic and materialistic Anderson's book, contains a thorough study of the two most important ethical works of Sartre to have become available since 1980, the Notebooks for an Ethics, written in the late 1940s but published in 1983, and the unpublished manuscript of a lecture on ethics delivered in 1964, containing his most complete discussion of his morality. In drawing upon these and other sources, Anderson's book is a study of Sartre's first and second ethics. Anderson evaluates Sartre's arguments for his ethical positions, and concludes that his second ethics constitutes a significant advance over his first. Anderson is author of The Foundation and Structure of Sartrean Ethics (1979).
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“Still, they have often proposed three key themes to help define and conceptualize authenticity: Category, Source, and Value [2,4,8,21,23,42,43,51,62,64].”
From 'It was 80% me, 20% AI': Seeking Authenticity in Co-Writing with Large Language Models (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
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“We side with those who see continuity in Sartre’s thinking and view the latter as an elaboration of the former by a now more politically conscious Sartre (eg, Anderson, 1991; 1993; Bell, 1989; Detmer, 1986).”
BackgroundBusiness ethics and existentialism
Ashman, I., & Winstanley, D. (2006) · Business Ethics A European Review · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8608.2006.00445.x · Cited by 25
Sartre's Being and Nothingness: A Reader's Guide
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An Analysis of Sartre's and Beauvoir's Views on Transcendence: Exploring Intersubjective Relations
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“Anderson (1993: 13) reminds us that Sartre claims that it means that that particular being is, in its ontological structure, synonymous with freedom. Because consciousness always affects the nihilating withdrawal to non-being, consciousness is always capable of saying no and so is always free to do otherwise than is.…”
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“Sartre’s sympathetic followers—struggling with the implications of futility in Sartre’s analysis—follow up his suggestions about pure reflection and conversion (e.g.: Anderson 1993; Bell 1989; Jeanson 1980).”
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“Sartre defines the situation as an ambiguous phenomenon inasmuch as it is the common product of the in-itself and freedom, and, he adds, it is impossible to delineate precisely what comes from the in-itself and what from freedom (Anderson, 1993: 21).”
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“(pp. 101–102) Sartre uses the term “integral humanity” in reference to an ideal state of affairs in which all human needs can be met (see Anderson, 1993; Crittenden, 2009).”
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“…incompleta e individualista de la realidad humana, la libertad humana y su relación con el mundo, a una comprensión significativamente más concreta y rica del ser humano, su libertad, el poder de las circunstancias y el carácter sociopolítico de la existencia humana (Anderson, 1993, p. 153).”
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BackgroundBook review: The Early Sartre and Marxism, written by Sam Coombes
Pomeroy, A. F. (2014) · Historical Materialism · doi:10.1163/1569206x-12341346
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“For Anderson [3] the claim “that’s just the way I am” would create a form of self-deception or bad faith as would all forms of determinism, as both instances involve lying to oneself about the ontological fact of one’s non-self-coincidental and the flight”
BackgroundBeerel, A. C. (2019) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429243172-7
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Sandri, V. (2019) · UCL Discovery (University College London)
Irwin, W. (2015) · doi:10.1002/9781119121312.biblio
Flynn, T. R. (2017) · doi:10.1002/9781405164542.ch21
Solomon, R. C. (2006) · doi:10.1093/0195181573.003.0009
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“Thomas Anderson (1993) therefore argues that the analysis and conceptualization of knowledge plays a vital role in the classification of the complex whole of different conscious acts in order to determine which acts are of least importance and which are more significant and fundamental.”
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Rae, G. (2024) · Thesis Eleven · doi:10.1177/07255136241297175
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Metadata
- Venue
- Choice Reviews Online
- Publisher
- American Library Association
- Published
- 1994-09-01
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 01
- Pages
- 32-0227-32-0227
- ISSN
- 0009-4978 (ISSN-L)
- 1523-8253
- OpenAlex
- W616303572
- Semantic Scholar
- 9346858078926851a812dacb6101926590d01de4
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- Type
- book review
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Choice Reviews Online (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Simone de Beauvoir and Sartre
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Philosophical Ethics and Theory
- Keywords
- Jean-Paul Sartre, authenticity, human freedom, moral realism, materialism
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