Cited by 1Afro-Latin American StudiesCaribbean history, culture, and politicsIndigenous Studies in Latin America

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Emerald Freedom: “With Pride in the Face of the Sun”

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Whitten, Norman E·2005·Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Abstract

Esmeraldas, Ecuador, became home to free African and Afro-Hispanic people in the mid 1500s. It is the only region in the Americas where self liberation— cimarronaje—of Afro-descendant people preceded slavery. It is also the region that soon gave birth to zambaje, the emergence of an African-Indigenous population. This article sets forth salient dimensions of historical and contemporary blackness before sketching the enduring and transforming cultural dynamics of this rain-forest littoral region of the neotropics by reference to cosmovision, the marimba dance, arrullos, chigualos, alabados, la tumba, and la tropa. Following this sketch I turn to political economy, cultural ecology, and globalization. Esmeraldas, Ecuador, deviene un santuario para africanos libres y gente afro­hispana a mediados del siglo 1600. Es la única región en las Américas donde la autoliberación —cimarronaje—de personas afrodecendientes precede la esclavitud. Es también donde surge el zambaje, el desarrollo de una población africana­indígena. Este artículo expone dimensiones sobresalientes de la negritud histórica y contemporánea. Explica dinámicas culturales persistentes y en transformación en este bosque lluvioso litoral neotrópico haciendo referencia a la cosmovisión, la danza de la marimba, los arrullos, los chigualos, los alabados, la tumba, y la tropa. Luego enfoca economía política, ecología cultural, y globalización.

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Crossref · 10.70845/2572-3626.1014

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Metadata

Authors
Whitten, N. E.
Affiliations
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
Corresponding author
Whitten, Norman E
Venue
Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America
Published
2005-06-01
Volume
3
Issue
1
ISSN
2572-3626 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4404538749
Cited by
1
References
0
Citations by year
2020: 1
FWCI
0.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc-sa
Locations
  • Tipití Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • Digital Commons - Trinity University (Trinity University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Afro-Latin American Studies
  • Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Caribbean history, culture, and politics
  • Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Indigenous Studies in Latin America
Keywords
Esmeraldas, cimarronaje, self-liberation, Afro-descendants, Blackness, cosmovision, cultural ecology, political economy, globalization, Afro-descendant history

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