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Not What I Expected: Early Career Prospects of Doctoral Graduates in Academia
Open accessAbstract
Various studies acknowledge the uncertainty many doctoral graduates face when beginning their search for full-time employment within the academic sector. Recent graduates face a job market where the likelihood of obtaining full-time permanent positions in academia is perceived to be declining, and the mobility of graduates within the sector is unclear. Drawing on Statistics Canada’s 2013 National Graduates Survey, this paper assesses whether graduates who pursued a doctoral degree to become a full-time professor achieved their goal within three years of graduation. The results suggest that although a large portion of doctoral graduates pursued their degrees to become full-time professors, relatively few reported obtaining such positions within three years of graduation, regardless of field of study.
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A changing labour market and a changing student body have put pressure on academic institutions to make changes.
“A changing labour market and a changing student body have put pressure on academic institutions to make changes (Canadian Association for Graduate Students, 2019; Cheung, 2012; Etmanski et al., 2017; Offerman, 2011).”
From PhD Pathways in Canada: Sociodemographic and Disciplinary Influences That Impact Pathway, Duration, and Outcomes (2026) · cites this paper as Etmanski et al., 2017
The two-degree pathway facilitates a faster transition into the labor market, allowing individuals to capitalize on full-time employment and pension contributions sooner.
“Ultimately, the two-degree pathway facilitates a faster transition into the labor market, allowing individuals to capitalize on full-time employment and pension contributions sooner (Etmanski et al., 2017).”
From PhD Pathways in Canada: Sociodemographic and Disciplinary Influences That Impact Pathway, Duration, and Outcomes (2026) · cites this paper as Etmanski et al., 2017
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References 16 · Cited by 23
Metadata
- Authors
- Etmanski, B., Walters, D., & Zarifa, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Waterloo (CA)
- University of Guelph (CA)
- Nipissing University (CA)
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Higher Education
- Published
- 2017-12-20
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 152-169
- ISSN
- 0316-1218 (ISSN-L)
- 2293-6602
- OpenAlex
- W2785187611
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 4.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Canadian Journal of Higher Education (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Érudit (Université de Montréal) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Doctoral Education Challenges and Solutions
- Social Sciences › Education › Higher Education and Employability
- Social Sciences › Education › Higher Education Governance and Development
- Keywords
- doctoral graduates, academic careers, academic job market, early career outcomes, graduate employment, career expectations, field of study differences
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