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A Precarious Game: The Illusion of Dream Jobs in the Video Game Industry
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A Precarious Game is an ethnographic examination of video game production. The developers that Ergin Bulut researched for almost three years in a medium-sized studio in the U.S. loved making video games that millions play. Only some, however, can enjoy this dream job, which can be precarious and alienating for many others. That is, the passion of a predominantly white-male labor force relies on material inequalities involving the sacrificial labor of their families, unacknowledged work of precarious testers, and thousands of racialized and gendered workers in the Global South. A Precarious Game explores the politics of doing what one loves. In the context of work, passion and love imply freedom, participation, and choice, but in fact they accelerate self-exploitation and can impose emotional toxicity on other workers by forcing them to work endless hours. Bulut argues that such ludic discourses in the game industry disguise the racialized and gendered inequalities on which a profitable transnational industry thrives. Within capitalism, work is not just an economic matter, and the political nature of employment and love can still be undemocratic even when based on mutual consent. As Bulut demonstrates, rather than considering work simply as a matter of economics based on trade-offs in the workplace, we should consider the question of work and love as one of democracy rooted in politics.
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“The industry's structural precarity must also be acknowledged: long before and in parallel to GenAI, volatility was created by shifting business models and changing technologies [8, 30], keeping up precarity and uncertainty.”
From Generative AI in Game Development: A Qualitative Research Synthesis (2026) · cites this paper as [8]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bulut, E.
- Corresponding author
- Bulut, Ergin
- ORCID
- Bulut, Ergin
- Venue
- Cornell University Press
- Publisher
- Cornell University Press
- Published
- 2020
- OpenAlex
- W3011766155
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 3.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) (submittedVersion)
- BiblioBoard Library Catalog (Open Research Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- eCommons (Cornell University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Cornell University Library
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Digital Games and Media
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Digital Economy and Work Transformation
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Industrial relations › Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies
- Keywords
- video game industry, precarious employment, game developers, racialized labor, gendered labor, game testing, self-exploitation, long working hours, transnational labor
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- Bulut, E. (2020). A Precarious Game: The Illusion of Dream Jobs in the Video Game Industry. Cornell University Press. https://doi.org/10.7298/37xe-v673