Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Abstract
DESCRIPTION: Update of the 2004 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for thyroid disease. METHODS: The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for subclinical and "overt" thyroid dysfunction without clinically obvious symptoms, as well as the effects of treatment on intermediate and final health outcomes. POPULATION: This recommendation applies to nonpregnant, asymptomatic adults. RECOMMENDATION: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for thyroid dysfunction in nonpregnant, asymptomatic adults. (I statement).
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Hashimoto thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and autoimmune-mediated thyroid gland destruction, leading to apoptosis of thyroid epithelial cells.
“Hashimotothyroiditisis an autoimmunediseasecharacterized bylymphocyticinfiltrationandautoimmune-mediatedthyroidgland destruction, leading to apoptosis of thyroid epithelial cells. 30,36”
From Hypothyroidism: A Review (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
Serum thyrotropin sensitivity is approximately 98% and specificity is 92% for identifying overt thyroid dysfunction.
“Serum thyrotropin sensitivity is approximately 98% and specificity is 92% for identifying overt thyroid dysfunction. 30”
From Hypothyroidism: A Review (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
There is less consensus regarding screening of the population for undiagnosed thyroid disease than for neonatal screening.
“There is less of a consensus regarding screening of the population for undiagnosed thyroid disease, which may be common among the general population.”
From Challenges in Interpreting Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Results in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Dysfunction (2019) · cites this paper as [68]
The 2015 US government position concluded that there was still insufficient evidence to support population screening for thyroid dysfunction in nonpregnant, asymptomatic adults.
“The current (2015) position of the US government concluded that there was still insufficient evidence to support population screening for thyroid dysfunction in nonpregnant, asymptomatic adults [68].”
From Challenges in Interpreting Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Results in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Dysfunction (2019) · cites this paper as [68]
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References 40 · Cited by 176
- Authors
- LeFevre, M. L., & on behalf of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force*
- Affiliations
- United States Preventive Services Task Force (US)
- Corresponding author
- LeFevre, Michael L.
- Venue
- Annals of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American College of Physicians
- Published
- 2015-05-05
- Volume
- 162
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 641-650
- ISSN
- 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-3704
- OpenAlex
- W2020033257
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 7
- FWCI
- 11.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Keywords
- thyroid dysfunction, thyroid screening, subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism, asymptomatic adults, screening benefits and harms, thyroid hormone replacement, health outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Thyroid Diseases, Thyroid Function Tests, Thyroid Hormones, United States, Risk Assessment, Biomedical Research, Early Diagnosis, Asymptomatic Diseases
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