Cited by 196Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and ManagementFoot and Ankle SurgeryLower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies

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Ankle equinus deformity and its relationship to high plantar pressure in a large population with diabetes mellitus.

Lavery, Lawrence A., Armstrong, David G., Boulton, Andrew J. M.·2002·Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association

DOI 10.7547/87507315-92-9-479

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Abstract

The authors undertook a study to evaluate the prevalence of ankle equinus and its potential relationship to high plantar pressure in a large, urban population with diabetes mellitus. The first 1,666 consecutive people with diabetes (50.3% male; mean [+/-SD] age, 69.1 +/- 11.1 years) presenting to a large, urban, managed-care outpatient clinic were enrolled in this longitudinal, 2-year outcomes study. Patients received a standardized medical and musculoskeletal assessment at the time of enrollment, including evaluation at an onsite gait laboratory. Equinus was defined as less than 0 degrees of dorsiflexion at the ankle. The overall prevalence of equinus in this population was 10.3%. Patients with equinus had significantly higher peak plantar pressures than those without the deformity and were at nearly three times greater risk for presenting with elevated plantar pressures. There were no significant differences in age, weight, or sex between the two groups. However, patients with equinus had a significantly longer duration of diabetes than those without equinus. Having a high index of suspicion for this deformity and subsequently addressing it through conservative or surgical means may help to reduce the risk of foot ulceration and amputation.

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Authors: Lavery, L. A., Armstrong, D. G., & Boulton, A. J. M.
Affiliations: Loyola University Chicago (US)
Manchester Royal Infirmary (GB)
University of Miami (US)
ORCID: Lavery, Lawrence A.
Armstrong, David G.
Boulton, Andrew J. M.
Venue: Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2002-10
Volume: 92
Issue: 9
Pages: 479-482
ISSN: 1930-8264 (ISSN-L)
8750-7315
DOI: 10.7547/87507315-92-9-479
OpenAlex: W2027846313
Cited by: 196
References: 12
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 1.69
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Foot and Ankle Surgery
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
Keywords: plantar pressure, diabetes mellitus, prevalence, foot ulcer, amputation risk, ankle dorsiflexion, diabetes duration, gait analysis, diabetic foot
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Awards and Prizes, Diabetes Mellitus, Equinus Deformity, Female, Foot, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Pressure, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Diabetes Complications

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Ankle equinus deformity and its relationship to high plantar pressure in a large population with diabetes mellitus.

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