The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Effectiveness of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders
Open accessAbstract
This review article is an overview of the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. ICBT's effectiveness has been investigated in treating and managing conditions like depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), adjustment disorder, bipolar disorder, chronic pain, and phobias. ICBT's role in the treatment of medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus with comorbid psychiatric illnesses was also explored. Furthermore, this study elaborates on its cost-effectiveness and its impact in rural areas. We conducted a thorough literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar with no restrictions on the date. ICBT's role in treating and controlling psychiatric illnesses has been established in the literature. From the data compiled, we conclude that ICBT is useful in treating mental health and medical illnesses with psychiatric comorbidities. It has also been found to be cost-effective for patients and society. ICBT is a potential tool emerging with modern day technological advancements and is useful in rural and urban settings, across various languages and cultures, and on a global scale. Larger randomized control trials on its use in clinical practice and in reaching rural populations are bound to shed more light on the effectiveness of this tool along with spreading awareness among physician and patient communities.
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“Evidence suggests that digital therapy is just as effective as in-person therapy in improving clinical outcomes”
From Predictors and Correlates of Depression and Anxiety Symptom Trajectories in a Large Digital Mental Health Provider: Retrospective Analysis of Data From Rula Health (2025) · cites this paper as [15]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Several meta-analyses and systematic reviews have shown evidence for the effectiveness of therapistguided internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) for anxiety in adults (Andrews et al., 2018; Kumar et al., 2017; Olthuis et al., 2016).”
From Effectiveness of and processes related to internet-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy for adolescents with anxiety disorders: a randomized controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as Kumar et al., 2017
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Web-based CBT is a potential emerging tool with modern interactive and communicative technologies for use in rural and urban areas, across languages and cultures, and on a global scale [43].”
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Cites
The Prevalence of Comorbid Depression in Adults With Diabetes
Anderson, R. J., Freedland, K. E., Clouse, R. E., & Lustman, P. J. (2001) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.24.6.1069 · Cited by 3,926
Epidemiology of insomnia: what we know and what we still need to learn
Ohayon, M. M. (2002) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1053/smrv.2002.0186 · Cited by 3,743 · cited 1×
“In the western world, nearly 10% of adults experience insomnia [30].”
BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder in general intensive care unit survivors: a systematic review
Davydow, D. S., Gifford, J. M., Desai, S. V., Needham, D. M., & Bienvenu, O. J. (2008) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2008.05.006 · Cited by 707
Geographic Access to Health Care for Rural Medicare Beneficiaries
Chan, L. E., Hart, L. G., & Goodman, D. C. (2006) · The Journal of Rural Health · doi:10.1111/j.1748-0361.2006.00022.x · Cited by 530
Sockol, L. E. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.052 · Cited by 395
The Use and Effectiveness of Mobile Apps for Depression: Results From a Fully Remote Clinical Trial
Arean, P. A., Hallgren, K. A., Jordan, J. T., Gazzaley, A., Atkins, D. C., Heagerty, P. J., & Anguera, J. A. (2016) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.6482 · Cited by 376
Christensen, H., Griffiths, K. M., & Korten, A. (2002) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.4.1.e3 · Cited by 292 · cited 3×
“[13] 2002/Canada Web-based cognitive behavioral therapy: analysis of site usage and changes in depression and anxiety scores Journal of Medical Internet research Major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder The study showed that the participants with a higher degree of depressive symptoms did better over…”
BackgroundInfluentialTreatment of panic disorder via the internet: A randomized trial of a self-help program
Carlbring, P., Westling, B. E., Ljungstrand, P., Ekselius, L., & Andersson, G. (2001) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(01)80019-8 · Cited by 262
Unequal access and unmet need: neurotic disorders and the use of primary care services
BEBBINGTON, P. E., MELTZER, H., BRUGHA, T. S., FARRELL, M., JENKINS, R., CERESA, C., & LEWIS, G. (2000) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291799002950 · Cited by 229
Rural-Urban Differences in General and Health-Related Internet Use
Hale, T. M., Cotten, S. R., Drentea, P., & Goldner, M. (2010) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/0002764210361685 · Cited by 179
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kohpaei, S. T., Torkan, H., & Yosefi, Z. (2024) · Journal of Psychological Science · doi:10.61186/jps.23.142.185
Multi-model and Multifocal Approach
Ruffion, A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-97802-9_1
Third-Order Cybernetics: Systemic Practices Go Digital
Borcsa, M., & Pomini, V. (2025) · European Family Therapy Association series · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-92225-1_1
Reproducibility and Case Sensitivity of LLMs for Anonymizing Depressed Tweets
Mansha, S., Mahmood, H., Håkansson, A., Kamiran, F., & Vlassov, V. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA) · doi:10.1109/dsaa65442.2025.11247966
Zainal, N. H. (2024) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)
Metadata
- Authors
- Kumar, V., Sattar, Y., Bseiso, A., Khan, S., & Rutkofsky, I. H.
- Affiliations
- Al-Quds University (PS)
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kumar, Vikram
- Venue
- Cureus
- Published
- 2017-08-29
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- e1626-e1626
- ISSN
- 2168-8184 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5659300
- OpenAlex
- W2753086693
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2025: 7 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 0.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Cureus (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Keywords
- internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, mental illness, depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, adjustment disorder, bipolar disorder, chronic pain, phobia, diabetes comorbidity, cost-effectiveness, rural mental health services, telemedicine
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