The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Incidental Detection of Human Herpesvirus-6 in Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis: To Treat or Not to Treat?
Open accessAbstract
Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) is a ubiquitous beta herpes virus which can result in meningitis/ meningoencephalitis in humans. FilmArray meningitis/encephalitis panel (BioFire Diagnostics, Salt Lake City, UT) is employed in medical centers for the establishment of a central nervous system (CNS) infection, and HHV-6 is often positive. However, establishing HHV-6 as a cause of meningitis or encephalitis is difficult at the present time, as a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test alone does not establish the etiology of the CNS infection. HHV-6 can be transmitted in a Mendelian fashion by integrating into the human genome (ciHHV-6 or chromosomally integrated HHV-6). We present a case of a 34-week gestational age neonate in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) who tested positive for HHV-6 through a panel screening, presumably due to ciHHV-6 infection. Knowledge and understanding of this phenomenon is essential in preventing misdiagnosis of active HHV-6 infection and subsequent unnecessary antiviral treatment.
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“A positive PCR result for HHV-6 in the CSF therefore requires careful clinical correlation, as it may represent true encephalitis, clinically irrelevant reactivation, or the presence of ciHHV-6 in host cells shed into the CSF (29).”
From Pathogen detection in acellular cerebrospinal fluid: diagnostic insights from a pediatric cohort in Colombia (2026) · cites this paper as [29]
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In the citing paper
“We lack a specific, validated treatment for HHV-6 meningoencephalitis in immunocompetent adults, given the rarity of this condition [7], [10], [15].”
From Meningoencephalitis in a background of inherited chromosomic integration of HHV-6 and CMV infection in an immunocompetent adult, which one is the culprit? (2025) · cites this paper as [7]
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Cites
The Expanding Spectrum of Herpesvirus Infections of the Nervous System
Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, B. K., & Gilden, D. H. (2001) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2001.tb00413.x · Cited by 210
Hall, C. B., Caserta, M. T., Schnabel, K. C., Shelley, L. M., Marino, A. S., Carnahan, J. A., Yoo, C., Lofthus, G. K., & McDermott, M. (2008) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2007-2838 · Cited by 192
Radmard, S., Reid, S., Ciryam, P., Boubour, A., Ho, N., Zucker, J., Sayre, D., Greendyke, W. G., Miko, B. A., Pereira, M. R., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00281 · Cited by 127
Human herpesvirus 6 encephalitis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts
Berzero, G., Campanini, G., Vegezzi, E., Paoletti, M., Pichiecchio, A., Simoncelli, A. M., Colombo, A. A., Bernasconi, P., Borsani, O., Di Matteo, A., et al. (2021) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000000942 · Cited by 76
Clinical and laboratory features of human herpesvirus 6 chromosomal integration
Clark, D. A. (2016) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2015.12.022 · Cited by 74
Tavakoli, N. P., Nattanmai, S., Hull, R., Fusco, H., Dzigua, L., Wang, H., & Dupuis, M. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01692-07 · Cited by 59
Human Herpesviruses 6 and 7 and Central Nervous System Infection in Children1
Ansari, A., Li, S., Abzug, M. J., & Weinberg, A. (2004) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid1008.030788 · Cited by 43
Meningitis and encephalitis in children
Bonthius, D. J., & Karaçay, B. (2002) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(02)00016-6 · Cited by 41
Gu, B., Zhang, G., Li, L., Zhou, F., Feng, D., Ding, C., Chi, J., Zhang, C., Guo, D., Wang, J., et al. (2011) · Virology Journal · doi:10.1186/1743-422x-8-530 · Cited by 20
Dantuluri, K. L., Konvinse, K. C., Crook, J. L., Thomsen, I. P., & Banerjee, R. (2020) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.023 · Cited by 18
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Association of Encephalitis With Viruses in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Children: A Case Series
Kuruma, K., Funakoshi, H., Shibata, M., Kinoshita, K., & Horikoshi, Y. (2025) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.83891 · Cited by 1
IMMUNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF COVID-19 IN PATIENTS WITH NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS AND HHV-6-INFECTION
Надіжко, О., & Зубченко, С. (2024) · Immunology and Allergy Science and Practice · doi:10.37321/immunology.2023.4-02 · Cited by 1
Congenital human herpesvirus 6 infection in a full-term newborn: literature review and case report
Карпова, А. Л., Мостовой, А. В., Baranov, A. A., Алексеевна, А. Л., Klubnichkina, E. V., Zaplatnikov, A. L., & Николаевич, К. Л. (2025) · Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproduction · doi:10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2025.635 · Cited by 1
Patiño Patiño, J. J., Osorio-Rodríguez, E., García Toscano, Y. P., Filott Tamara, M., De-Ávila-Arias, M., Rodríguez Sanjuán, A., Villarreal-Camacho, J. L., Martínez De la Rosa, W., Bilbao Ramírez, J., Coronell-Rodríguez, W., et al. (2026) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/spectrum.02122-25
Lajoye, A.-L., Ciocanu, D., Duverlie, G., & Berquin, P. (2025) · IDCases · doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02219
“We lack a specific, validated treatment for HHV-6 meningoenceph-alitis in immunocompetent adults, given the rarity of this condition [7, 10,15].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Kharbat, A. F., Lakshmi-Narasimhan, M., Bhaskaran, S., & Parat, S.
- Affiliations
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Parat, Sumesh
- Venue
- Cureus
- Published
- 2022-06-03
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e25629-e25629
- ISSN
- 2168-8184 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9249039
- OpenAlex
- W4281619041
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2025: 7 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 1.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Cureus (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Keywords
- human herpesvirus 6, chromosomal integration, meningitis, encephalitis, cerebrospinal fluid, neonatal infection, FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis panel, antiviral therapy, misdiagnosis, central nervous system infection
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