Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 95Pregnancy and preeclampsia studiesNeurological Complications and SyndromesMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Preeclampsia Incidence and Its Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes With Associated Risk Factors

Open access
Khan, Bisma, Allah Yar, Razia, Khakwani, Ayesha khan, Karim, Sajilah, Arslan Ali, Hafiz·2022·Cureus
DOI 10.7759/cureus.31143PMC PMC9723483
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Background and objective Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder that usually arises after 20 weeks of pregnancy. It is considered a major cause of maternal and fetal mortality worldwide. High blood pressure and high proteinuria are the two main characteristics of preeclamptic patients. Preeclampsia leads to either severe or mild conditions, but in both cases, it affects the organs of the mother and fetus. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of preeclampsia and associated risk factors (family history, age, hypertension, and diabetes) and to investigate its fetal and maternal outcomes. Methodology This prospective study was conducted at three healthcare units in the Multan district and involved patients with gestational hypertension. Patients were diagnosed on the basis of blood pressure values, urine tests, and through Doppler ultrasound. Further investigations were conducted, including a complete hemogram and a 24-hour test for proteinuria. Results for preeclampsia-related maternal and perinatal outcomes were documented and statistical analysis was performed to analyze the data. Results A total of 142 patients were diagnosed with gestational hypertension and preeclampsia during the two-year study period. Our findings showed 8.67% cases of gestational hypertension and 3% of preeclampsia. The majority of the preeclamptic patients were less than 24 years of age (33.3%), belonged to lower socioeconomic classes (44.4%), and had low educational levels (81.1%). A close association of family history (36.67%) with diabetes (15.5%) and chronic hypertension (5.55%) was observed in these patients. Maternal and fetal outcomes were related to maternal blood pressure. A significant incidence of premature births (45.6%) and a majority of cesarean cases (63.4%) with severe complications were observed. Data from preeclamptic patients showed high albuminuria levels (42.2%) with problems like renal infection, pulmonary edema, and severe anemia. During the study period, a neonatal death rate of 11.1% was observed as well as issues like respiratory tract syndrome, asphyxia, and growth retardation. Conclusion This study showed that poor economic and educational levels are significantly associated with this disease. A high rate of maternal and neonatal morbidity with neonatal mortality was investigated. Mild to severe outcomes were observed in the form of cesarean deliveries and preterm births. Serious complications lead to ICU admissions causing a serious burden on healthcare units. Paying more attention to the healthcare needs of pregnant women helps to identify preeclampsia earlier and also minimizes the complications associated with it.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.7759/cureus.31143

Cites

19 of 19 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 19 references

Cited by

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Khan, B., Allah Yar, R., Khakwani, A. K., Karim, S., & Arslan Ali, H.
Affiliations
  • University of Central Punjab (PK)
  • Nishtar Medical College and Hospital (PK)
Venue
Cureus
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2022-11-06
Volume
14
Issue
11
Pages
e31143-e31143
ISSN
2168-8184 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.7759/cureus.31143
PMC
PMC9723483
OpenAlex
W4308275209
Cited by
95
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 16
FWCI
21.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Cureus (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Neurological Complications and Syndromes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords
preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia incidence, risk factors, family history (medicine), diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, proteinuria, albuminuria, maternal outcomes, neonatal outcomes, neonatal mortality, preterm birth, cesarean section, socioeconomic status, maternal education, Multan district, Pakistan, maternal morbidity, neonatal morbidity

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.