Effect of thermally extracted carrot oil using biomass solvent to boost consumer goods: Box-Behnken design approach

Abstract

Massive production of fast-moving consumer goods boosts the economy of any nation. Thus, the need to look into ways of accelerating and transforming carrot utilization into more commercialized usage in order to add value to the developmental strides of any nation where carrot is cultivated like Nigeria. This study concluded that the optimization of the carrot oil extracted from crushed carrot and coconut oil (biomass volume) via soxhlet equipment using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach, generated an ideal optimal output of 18.58 wt% at SW of 60 g, BV of 200 ml and ET of 14mins. Although, three input elements which are sample weight (SW), biomass volume (BV), and extraction time (ET) were modelled to generate 17 setups by BBD, but standard order (Std) 8 from the 17 setups generated an ideal output of 18.58 wt%. Thus, the process optimization of the extraction process via BBD of RSM showed that both the coefficient of determination (R2) which is 0.9886, and the difference between adjusted R2 and predicted R2 which is less than 0.2 fall within an ideal range. Also, the elements considered for modeling are mutually significant with the quadratic model equation and the interactive effects of the independent parameters on the carrot oil output showed that an increase in the sample weight and time led to a corresponding increase in the carrot oil output, and this is corroborated by the perturbation plot. Additionally, the physiochemical valuables of the carrot oil generated showed that the free fatty acid and the acid value were very low signifying that the carrot oil is edible and can be used in the manufacturing process using the saponification method in making soap and moisturizing cream for the benefit of mankind.