Wachter, Sandra

The ethics of algorithms: Mapping the debate

Mittelstadt, B. D., Allo, P., Taddeo, M., Wachter, S., & Floridi, L. (2016) · Big Data & Society

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIExplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)

Cited by 4,567

Why a Right to Explanation of Automated Decision-Making Does Not Exist in the General Data Protection Regulation

Wachter, S., Mittelstadt, B., & Floridi, L. (2017) · International Data Privacy Law

Digitalization, Law, and RegulationEthics and Social Impacts of AI

Cited by 1,308

Counterfactual explanations without opening the black box: automated decisions and the GDPR

Wachter, S., Mittelstadt, B., & Russell, C. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)Digitalization, Law, and Regulation

Cited by 1,061

Explaining Explanations in AI

Mittelstadt, B., Russell, C., & Wachter, S. (2019) · Proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)Philosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation

Cited by 794

Artificial Intelligence and the ‘Good Society’: the US, EU, and UK approach

Cath, C., Wachter, S., Mittelstadt, B., Taddeo, M., & Floridi, L. (2017) · Science and Engineering Ethics

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIDigitalization, Law, and Regulation

Cited by 733

A Right to Reasonable Inferences: Re-Thinking Data Protection Law in the Age of Big Data and AI

Wachter, S., & Mittelstadt, B. (2018)

Digitalization, Law, and RegulationEthics and Social Impacts of AI

Cited by 463

Transparent, explainable, and accountable AI for robotics

Wachter, S., Mittelstadt, B., & Floridi, L. (2017) · Science Robotics

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)Ethics and Social Impacts of AI

Cited by 413

Trustworthy artificial intelligence and the European Union AI act: On the conflation of trustworthiness and acceptability of risk

Laux, J., Wachter, S., & Mittelstadt, B. (2024) · Regulation & Governance

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIDigitalization, Law, and Regulation

Cited by 365

Science in the age of large language models

Birhane, A., Kasirzadeh, A., Leslie, D., & Wachter, S. (2023) · Nature Reviews Physics

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIAcademic integrity and plagiarism

Cited by 344

Why fairness cannot be automated: Bridging the gap between EU non-discrimination law and AI

Wachter, S., Mittelstadt, B., & Russell, C. (2021) · Computer Law & Security Review

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIDiscrimination and Equality Law

Cited by 336

Normative challenges of identification in the Internet of Things: Privacy, profiling, discrimination, and the GDPR

Wachter, S. (2018) · Computer Law & Security Review

Digitalization, Law, and RegulationPrivacy, Security, and Data Protection

Cited by 307

Bias Preservation in Machine Learning: The Legality of Fairness Metrics Under EU Non-Discrimination Law

Wachter, S., Mittelstadt, B., & Russell, C. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIDiscrimination and Equality Law

Cited by 167

Taming the few: Platform regulation, independent audits, and the risks of capture created by the DMA and DSA

Laux, J., Wachter, S., & Mittelstadt, B. (2021) · Computer Law & Security Review

Diverse Legal and Medical StudiesDigitalization, Law, and Regulation

Cited by 62

How AI challenges the medical device regulation: patient safety, benefits, and intended uses

Onitiu, D., Wachter, S., & Mittelstadt, B. (2024) · Journal of Law and the Biosciences

Digitalization, Law, and RegulationHealthcare Regulation

Cited by 61

To protect science, we must use LLMs as zero-shot translators

Mittelstadt, B., Wachter, S., & Russell, C. (2023) · Nature Human Behaviour

Ethics and Social Impacts of AITopic Modeling

Cited by 58

The Theory of Artificial Immutability: Protecting Algorithmic Groups Under Anti-Discrimination Law

Wachter, S. (2022) · arXiv

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIDiscrimination and Equality Law

Cited by 53

Epistemic fragmentation poses a threat to the governance of online targeting

Milano, S., Mittelstadt, B., Wachter, S., & Russell, C. (2021) · Nature Machine Intelligence

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIDigitalization, Law, and Regulation

Cited by 29